Crash of a Curtiss C-46C Commando on Turrialba Volcano: 6 killed

Date & Time: Dec 29, 1964
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CC-CAN
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Guatemala City – Panama City
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Circumstances:
While cruising by night at an insufficient altitude, the airplane struck the slope of the Turrialba Volcano. The wreckage was found a day later and all six occupants have been killed.

Crash of a Douglas C-54A-1-DC Skymaster on Mt Cerro Gaital: 10 killed

Date & Time: Nov 16, 1962
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TC-46
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Managua – Panama City
MSN:
10271
YOM:
1943
Country:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
The four engine airplane was descending to Panama City Airport when it struck the slope of Mt Cerro Gaital located 75 km southwest of Panama City. The aircraft was destroyed and all 10 crew members were killed.

Crash of a Lockheed L-1049G-82 Super Constellation on Mt Alto del Cedro: 23 killed

Date & Time: Oct 14, 1958 at 0023 LT
Operator:
Registration:
YV-C-ANC
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Panama City – Maracaibo
MSN:
4575
YOM:
1955
Country:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
17
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
23
Captain / Total hours on type:
2134.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1069
Copilot / Total hours on type:
469
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on a flight between Panama City and Maracaibo, carrying a crew of 6 and 17 passengers. The crew reported over the Riohacha intersection at 2351LT at an altitude of 15,000 feet and estimated his arrival at Maracaibo-Grano de Oro Airport at 0030LT. At 0015LT the crew reported he was 35 miles out at an altitude of 10,000 feet. The last contact with the aircraft was at 0022LT. It crashed on Alto del Cedro Mountain in the Serranía de Perijá, killing all 23 persons aboard.
Probable cause:
The accident occurred owing to premature descent caused by the pilot's failure to allow himself a suitable margin for:
- altered flight course and
- shortage of navigational facilities in the area.
It was also reported that the pilot turned northwest on reaching position Tango/2, instead of turning at Barranquilla, and flew towards a wrong position 45 miles from the Riohacha intersection, having failed to take this discrepancy into account in calculating his distance from Maracaibo. It is very likely that the pilot, when reporting 35 miles from Maracaibo, had seen the Carrasquero lights and the surrounding gas flares, through a thin layer of cloud below and believed they were the lights of Maracaibo. The pilot had no way of definitely determining his position in the area, and, therefore, ought to have taken greater precaution against descent at a mistaken location. His best alternative should have been to remain at a safer altitude until (1) he sighted the Maracaibo lights (not the glare), or (2) obtained oscillation of the radio compass needle over Maracaibo.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-7C in Miami: 9 killed

Date & Time: Mar 25, 1958 at 0006 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5904
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Dallas – Miami – Panama City – Rio de Janeiro
MSN:
45072
YOM:
1957
Flight number:
BN971
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
19
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Captain / Total flying hours:
20672
Captain / Total hours on type:
241.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
13250
Copilot / Total hours on type:
257
Aircraft flight hours:
3306
Circumstances:
Braniff International Flight 971 was originally scheduled to depart New York, New York, for Miami, Florida, on March 23, 1958, at 2355 but this leg of the flight was not made owing to shortage of equipment and scheduling difficulties on that date. N 5904 was ferried from Dallas, Texas, to Miami, arriving at 1915 on March 24 for use as Flight 971. The aircraft was serviced and made reedy for the trip to Panama City, Panama, the first scheduled stop on the route to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The crew consisted of Captain Thomas D. George, First Officer John C. Winthrop, Jr., Second Officer Charles F. Fink, Steward Alberto Zapatero, and Stewardess Madelon Campion. The flight departed the Miami terminal at 2356, taxied to runway 27R where engine runup was made, after which a normal takeoff was accomplished. Shortly after takeoff, and in accordance with tower clearance, a climbing right turn was started. During the turn the No. 3 engine malfunctioned and a fire developed in that area. The airplane, still in a right turn, started to lose altitude rapidly. While traveling in a north-northeasterly direction it struck in an open marsh containing scattered trees and underbrush. Rescue operations were immediately initiated but were seriously hampered by heavy ground traffic of sightseers attracted to the area. Several of the passengers and crew members were airlifted by U. S. Coast Guard helicopters direct to hospital grounds in Miami and the others were removed to nearby ambulances and taken to hospitals.
Probable cause:
The Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the failure of the captain to maintain altitude during an emergency return to the airport due to his undue preoccupation with an engine fire following takeoff. The following findings were reported:
- Weather was not a factor in the accident,
- The flight was properly planned and dispatched,
- Smoke from No. 3 engine on the prior flight was reported to the ferry crew by the Miami tower and the crew should have written up this item in the aircraft log,
- Shortly after a routine takeoff No. 11 cylinder of the No. 3 engine failed, resulting in a fire in flight,
- Emergency measures (i.e., propeller feathering, extinguisher, fuel shutoff) were promptly taken by the crew,
- Full power was available from the other three engines and there was no impairment of structure or control of the airplane,
- The captain made a decision to return to the airport and, in attempting to do so, altitude was not maintained and the aircraft struck the ground.
Final Report:

Crash of a Curtiss C-46F-1-CU Commando off San Miguel

Date & Time: Dec 12, 1956
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N1662M
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
San Miguel – Panama City
MSN:
22545
YOM:
1945
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from the San Miguel Island, the left engine oversped. The crew elected to feather the propeller and to shot down the engine but was unable to do so. Losing speed and height, the crew attempt an emergency landing into the sea few km off shore. Both pilots were quickly rescued while the airplane sank 30 minutes later by 35 meters depth.

Crash of a Douglas C-54A-10-DC Skymaster near Puerto Somoza: 25 killed

Date & Time: Nov 15, 1956 at 1515 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XA-HEG
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Panama City – Guatemala City – Mexico City
MSN:
10324
YOM:
1944
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
20
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
25
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on a flight from Tocumen Airport, Panama, to Central Airport, Mexico City, with a stop at La Aurora Airport, Guatemala City. The flight reported "all well'' Over Managua, Nicaragua, at 2053 hours GMT (1453 hours local time). Somewhere between Managua and the eastern part of León Department an unknown trouble originated. Fire in flight resulted and the aircraft crashed in a wooded area located 13 km northwest of Puerto Somoza. All 25 persons aboard, 20 passengers and 5 crew members, including one supernumerary pilot, were killed. The aircraft disintegrated on impact.
Probable cause:
It was not possible to determine the origin of the fire in the-main section of the hydraulic and fuel distribution systems; this determination will depend upon the results of laboratory tests and maintenance reports; when these are in, a reasonable conclusion can be reached regarding the probable cause of fire in flight. This may have been occasioned by a number of causes, for example, breaking of a hydraulic pressure line, short circuits in the electrical wiring or leakage of fuel lines or tanks, etc.
Final Report:

Crash of a Curtiss C-46 in Panama City

Date & Time: Mar 27, 1953
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HC-SJA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Miami – Panama City
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On landing, an undercarriage collapsed. The aircraft went out of control, veered off runway to the left and came to rest in flames into a ravine. While both pilots were rescued, the aircraft was destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
Undercarriage collapsed on landing.

Crash of a Douglas C-47B-50-DK Skytrain near La Poma: 8 killed

Date & Time: Feb 17, 1949
Operator:
Registration:
45-1138
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Panama City – Buenos Aires
MSN:
17141/34408
YOM:
1945
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
The aircraft was performing a diplomatic flight from Panama City to Buenos Aires, carrying a crew of three and five passengers, among them Colonel Gerald Evan Williams, attaché at the Embassy of the United States in Buenos Aires, and his wife. While cruising at an altitude of 4,000 meters, the aircraft hit the ground and disintegrated in a rocky and desert area located about 20 km west of La Poma. The wreckage was found few hours later and all eight occupants were killed.

Crash of a Curtiss C-46A Commando in Mexico City: 2 killed

Date & Time: Apr 23, 1948
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RX-138
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Burbank – Mexico City – Panama City
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
Shortly after lift off, the aircraft went out of control and crashed in flames. The copilot was killed while the captain was seriously injured. He died from his injuries few hours later. The crew was on its way from Burbank to Israel to deliver the aircraft to the Israel Air Force. Four other similar aircraft were performing the same trip at the same time. At the time of the accident, the aircraft was still under the Panamanian register by LAPSA - Lineas Aéreas de Panama.
Crew:
William Guy Gerson, pilot,
Ernest Glen King, copilot.
Probable cause:
Failure of one engine just after rotation.

Crash of a Boeing B-17G-100-VE Flying Fortress off Coiba Island: 10 killed

Date & Time: Jul 20, 1946 at 1215 LT
Operator:
Registration:
44-85626
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
8535
YOM:
1944
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a survey mission following the recent disappearance of a US military plane in the region of the Coiba Island. For such operation, three USAAF B-17 were dispatched with 7 pax and 3 crew per aircraft. Enroute, while cruising at an estimated height of 75 meters, 44-85626 hit with its right wing the empennage of 44-85624. Both aircraft went out of control and crashed into the sea, about 30 km north of Coiba Island. All 20 occupants on both aircraft were killed.
Probable cause:
It is believed that both crew misjudged the distance between both aircraft.