Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 690 in Kenarsar: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jan 15, 2025 at 1030 LT
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Rasht - Tehran
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a training program and departed Rasht-Sardar Jangal Airport on a flight to Tehran. While flying in limited visibility, the airplane went out of control and crashed in an open field located in Kenarsar, some 15 km east of Rasht Airport. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all three occupants were killed.

Crash of a Boeing 737-8AS in Muan: 179 killed

Date & Time: Dec 29, 2024 at 0905 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HL8088
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Bangkok - Muan
MSN:
37541/301
YOM:
2009
Flight number:
JJA2216
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
175
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
179
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi Airport at 0229LT on a flight (JJA2216/7C2216) to Muan. The expected flight time was four hours and 30 minutes. At 0857LT, while on final approach to Muan Airport Runway 01, the crew received a warning message from ATC about the presence of birds in the vicinity of the airport. About a minute later, the crew declared an emergency, apparently after the airplane suffered a bird strike. The crew initiated a go around, climbed to the altitude of 900 feet and attempted to land on the opposite runway 19 with the right engine backfiring. The airplane belly landed on runway 19 which is 2,800 metres long then skidded for few hundred metres. Unable to stop in time, it overran at high speed then collided with various landing equipment and eventually crashed against a concrete wall located about 144 metres past the runway end, bursting into flames. Two cabin crew were seriously injured while 179 other occupants were killed. The airplane disintegrated on impact. On 11 January 2025, the Ministry of Transport of South Korea announced that both Flight Data Recorder and Cockpit Voice Recorder systems had stopped recording four minutes prior to the accident.

Crash of an Embraer ERJ-190AR in Aktau: 38 killed

Date & Time: Dec 25, 2024 at 1228 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
4K-AZ65
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Baku - Grozny
MSN:
190-00630
YOM:
2013
Flight number:
J28243
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
62
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
38
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Baku-Heydar Aliyev (Bina) Airport on a regular service (flight J2/AHY8243) to Grozny, carrying 62 passengers and a crew of five. Apparently due to low visibility at destination airport, the crew decided to divert to the alternate airport, Aktau, on the east coast of the Caspian Sea, in Kazakhstan. On final approach to Aktau Airport Runway 11, the airplane initiated a steep descent then rolled to the right before crashing in an open field located some 3 km short of runway, bursting into flames. It is reported that 29 people survived while 38 others were killed. Three cabin crew survived while both pilots were killed. There are conflicting reports regarding the activation of squawk 7700 while over the Caspian Sea and a possible emergency message from the crew, as well as erratic manoeuvre from the airplane during the last minutes of the flight. Videos shows unusual impacts on the tail and also an unexpected opening of the trim tab door located at the rear right side of the fuselage. The assumption that the airplane may have been hit by hostile action (intentional or otherwise) is not ruled out. Three days after the accident, Russia's President apologized to Azerbaijan's President for the tragic accident. It was reported that at the time of the accident, Russian Air Defense Systems were firing on Ukraine drones and repelled that attack. The crew attempted to land twice in Grozny then diverted to Makhachkala. Due to poor weather there, he eventually decided to continue to Aktau. Among the occupants were 42 Azerbaijani (including all five crew members), 16 Russian, 6 Kazakh and 3 Kyrgyz citizens.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2TP in Yessentuki

Date & Time: Oct 27, 2024
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
RA-33623
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Yessentuki - Yessentuki
MSN:
1G232-59
YOM:
1988
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The airplane was engaged in a local skydiving flight. Shortly after takeoff from Yessentuki Airfield, the engine lost power. The airplane lost height, causing the left wing to collide with a lighting mast located on the bridge of the Suvorovskoye shosse road leading over the A-157 highway. The airplane continued to fly for some 100-150 metres before coming down into trees, about one km west of the airfield. The pilot and two passengers were injured.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 200 in Panua Pohuwato: 4 killed

Date & Time: Oct 20, 2024 at 0720 LT
Operator:
Registration:
PK-SMH
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Gorontalo - Panua Pohuwato
MSN:
684
YOM:
1980
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
The twin engine airplane departed Gorontalo-Jalaluddin Airport at 0702LT on a schedule service to Panua Pohuwato, in the southwest part of the Gorontalo Province. On final approach to Panua Pohuwato Airfield, the airplane lost height and crashed in a marshy field located near the airport. The airplane was destroyed and all four occupants were killed.

Crash of an Antonov AN-3T in Olyokminsk: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 13, 2024 at 0700 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
RA-05884
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Olyokminsk - Zheleznogorsk
MSN:
2004
YOM:
2000
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from Olyokminsk Airport, while in initial climb, it is believed that the airplane suffered an engine failure. The crew attempted an emergency landing when the airplane collided with trees and crashed in a dense wooded area located about 1,5 km from the airfield. A passenger was killed and four other occupants were injured. The airplane was en route to Zheleznogorsk on behalf of a Gold Mine Company.

Crash of an ATR42-512 in Serui

Date & Time: Sep 9, 2024 at 1035 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-YSP
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Biak - Serui - Jayapura
MSN:
559
YOM:
1998
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
42
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll from Serui-Stevanus Rumbewas Airport Runway 28, the crew decided to abort for unknown reasons. The airplane veered off runway to the left. While contacting soft ground, it lost its undercarriage and slid for few dozen metres before coming to rest nearby a wooded area. All 48 occupants evacuated safely. The airplane landed at 1019LT from Biak and was taking off for its last leg to Jayapura when the accident occurred.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2T near Mairamadag

Date & Time: Aug 31, 2024
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RF-02346
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Vladikavkaz - Vladikavkaz
MSN:
1G108-42
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Vladikavkaz Airport on a skydiving mission, carrying 13 skydivers and two pilots. While flying between Mairamadag and Koban, the crew encountered an unexpected situation and attempted an emergency landing when the airplane impacted trees and crashed in a dense wooded area. All 15 occupants were rescued, among them few were injured, some seriously.

Crash of a Cessna 208B Grand Caravan in Wat Khao Din: 9 killed

Date & Time: Aug 22, 2024 at 1457 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HS-SKR
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Bangkok - Ko Mai Si
MSN:
208B-1241
YOM:
2007
Flight number:
TFT209
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
Few minutes after its takeoff from Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi International Airport, the single engine airplane went out of control and crashed for unknown reason in a wooded area located in Wat Khao Din, some 30 km southeast of Suvarnabhumi Airport. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 9 occupants were killed. The airplane was on a service to the Island of Ko Mai Si.

Crash of a Canadair RegionalJet CRJ-200ER in Kathmandu: 18 killed

Date & Time: Jul 24, 2024 at 1111 LT
Operator:
Registration:
9N-AME
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kathmandu – Pokhara
MSN:
7772
YOM:
2003
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
18
Captain / Total flying hours:
6185
Captain / Total hours on type:
4922.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1824
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1602
Aircraft flight hours:
28893
Aircraft flight cycles:
29788
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Kathmandu-Tribhuvan Airport, carrying technical engineers and staff of the airline. The airplane was ferried to Pokhara to proceed with a C-check maintenance program. At 05:25:55, the aircraft rotated near 120 knots computed airspeed. It attained a pitch up of 13 degrees within 4 seconds (15 degrees in 6 seconds) at a maximum calculated pitch rate of 8.6 degrees/second, and the aircraft rolled 26 degrees right at a maximum calculated roll rate of 15.5 degrees/second. The maximum pitch rate was obtained over a 0.25 s window, while sampling at 4 Hz. During this 3 second period, the aircraft reached 131 knots computed airspeed and 11 feet radio height (18 feet change in pressure altitude). At this time, the stick shaker activated on both sides for a duration of 4 seconds, which coincided with an unidentified GPWS audio message. The fuselage angle of attack recorded 6.9 degrees during the activation. Take-off During the subsequent 4 seconds from 05:26:01 to 05:26:05, the aircraft rolled left up to 55 degrees at a recorded roll rate of 36.6 degrees/second. The aircraft remained approximately 15 degrees nose up and ground peed remained steady around 147 knots. The radio height increased to 77 feet (95 feet change in pressure altitude). The N1 engine power remained constant at 92%. The stick shaker deactivated for 1 second, followed by another activation for 2 seconds correlating with another GPWS audio message. The stick pusher was also activated on both sides during the second stick shaker activation, which was immediately followed by a pitch down and a GPWS Pull Up message. At approximately 05:26:05, the aircraft rolled right reaching 94.6 degrees at the maximum capable recorded roll rate of 56.1 degrees/second. The aircraft pitched up to 19 degrees, followed by a reduction to 2 degrees pitch (recorded rate of -8.1 degrees/second) during the maximum roll angle. During the entire take-off, the heading changed by 12 degrees. The vertical acceleration ranged from 0.40G to 1.69G and the lateral acceleration peaked at 1.54G during the maximum roll rate. Impact into Terrain The final recorded value of the radio height was at 63 feet during a roll of 30 degrees right with pitch ranging between -3 degrees and 1 degree. The speed was 142 computed airspeed with the fuselage angle of attack reaching between 8 and 12 degrees. The last recorded location is approximately 6100 feet from the threshold of runway 02, just prior to taxiway Juliet. The aircraft impacted the terrain East of the runway at 27°42’3’’ North and 85°21’42’’ East. The right wing made first impact on the ground. There onwards, the impact trail extended by around 1000 ft towards the east of the runway. The captain was seriously injured while 18 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The most probable cause of the accident was a deep stall during take-off because of an abnormally rapid pitch rate commanded at a lower than optimal rotation speed.
The following contributory factors were identified:
- Incorrect speeds calculated based on erroneous speedcard. The interpolated speedcard of the operator for 18,500 kg TOW mentions incorrect V-speeds for take-off. This error in the speedcard went unnoticed since its development. There was no acceptance/approval of the speedcard booklet.
- Failure to identify and address multiple previous events of high pitch rate during take-off by the operator.
- The operator showed gross negligence in complying with the prevailing practices of ferry flight planning, preparation and execution. There is a lack of consistent definition of ferry flights.
- Gross negligence and non-compliance by the operator during the entire process of cargo and baggage handling (weighing, loading, distribution and latching), while violating the provisions of operational manual and ground handling manual. The load was not adequately secured with straps, tie-downs, or nets, while the flight preparation was rushed.
Final Report: