Crash of a Lockheed L-382G-43C Hercules in Hong Kong: 6 killed

Date & Time: Sep 23, 1994 at 1915 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-PLV
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hong Kong - Djakarta
MSN:
4826
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
6
Captain / Total flying hours:
11781
Captain / Total hours on type:
3949.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
9064
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2570
Aircraft flight hours:
15223
Circumstances:
Following a normal takeoff roll, the pilot-in-command started the rotation. During initial climb, at a height of about 100 feet and at a speed of 122 knots, the engine n°4 went into Beta range and lost power. The crew elected to regain control but the aircraft rolled to the right, causing the right wing to struck the grassy area along runway 13. Out of control, the aircraft plunged in the Kowloon Bay and came to rest 500 metres offshore. Six occupants were rescued while six others were killed.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the following factors:
- The n°4 propeller went into Beta range shortly after rotation because the cable of the speed lever failed,
- The crew were unable to maintain control of the aircraft following this occurrence.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 500F in Palu: 12 killed

Date & Time: Jun 18, 1994 at 1220 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-MFI
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Balikpapan - Palu
MSN:
10597
YOM:
1980
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
12
Circumstances:
On approach to Palu-Mutiara Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with limited visibility due to rain falls. On final, he failed to realize his altitude was too low when the aircraft struck the slope of Mt Kalora (690 metres high) located 8 km short of runway. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact and all 12 occupants were killed.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander on Mt Saran: 11 killed

Date & Time: Apr 25, 1994
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-ZAA
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Pontianak - Nanga Pinoh
MSN:
730
YOM:
1974
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
10
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Circumstances:
En route from Pontianak to Nanga Pinoh, the pilot encountered poor weather conditions. While descending in IMC conditions, the twin engine aircraft struck the slope of Mt Saran located 48 km west of Nanga Pinoh. All 11 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Britten-Norman BN-2A-21 Islander in Kualakapuas

Date & Time: Jan 6, 1994
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-VIV
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sampit - Banjarmasin
MSN:
852
YOM:
1977
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
About 30 minutes into the flight, while in cruising altitude, the pilot noted a loss of power on the left engine. At the same time, the oil pressure dropped while the engine temperature increased. In such situation, the pilot reduced his altitude and attempted an emergency landing in an open field located in Kualakapuas, some 63 km northwest of Banjarmasin-Syamsudin Noor Airport. All 10 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of an Avro 748-222-2A in Tanahmerah

Date & Time: Sep 7, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-OBV
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1585
YOM:
1965
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On approach, the aircraft was too low and struck the ground short of runway. Upon impact, the undercarriage were torn off and the aircraft came to rest on its belly. All six occupants escaped uninjured and the aircraft was written off.

Crash of a Fokker F28 Fellowship 3000 in Sorong: 41 killed

Date & Time: Jul 1, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-GFU
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Jakarta - Surabaya - Ujung Pandang - Ambon - Sorong
MSN:
11131
YOM:
1978
Flight number:
MZ724
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
39
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
41
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Ambon, the crew was cleared to descend to Sorong-Jefman Airport. On final, the pilot encountered poor visibility due to heavy rain falls and failed to realize his altitude was insufficient. On short final, the aircraft struck a promontory located 3,000 feet short of runway 22. Upon impact, the left main gear was torn off and the aircraft crashed in shallow water. Two passengers were rescued while 41 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
For unknown reasons, the crew continued the approach at an insufficient altitude until the aircraft impacted a promontory and crashed.

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-32 in Denpasar

Date & Time: Jun 21, 1993 at 1125 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-GNT
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Yogyakarta - Denpasar
MSN:
47790/907
YOM:
1979
Flight number:
GA630
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
72
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On approach to Denpasar-I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport, Bali, the aircraft was too high on the glide. The captain made an overcorrection, causing the aircraft to approach the runway with a high rate of descent. In a nose-up attitude, the aircraft struck the runway surface with a positive acceleration of 5 g. After landing, the crew completed the deceleration and braking procedure, vacated the runway and rolled to the gate where all occupants disembarked safely. A complete inspection of the aircraft by technicians revealed that it suffered major fuselage damages and was later declared as damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew.

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air in Surabaya

Date & Time: Jan 17, 1993
Operator:
Registration:
PK-TRB
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Surabaya - Surabaya
MSN:
BB-116
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a local training flight at Surabaya-Juanda Airport consisting of a series of six landings. On final approach during the 4th landing attempt, the landing gear alarm sounded. Thinking about a technical problem, the pilot-in-command increased engine power and initiated a go-around procedure. In the meantime, the copilot reduced power on both engines, causing the aircraft to lose speed and to stall. It struck the runway surface, veered to the right and eventually came to rest. Both occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Failure of the crew to follow the approach and landing checklist. On final, the pilot-in-command initiated a go-around procedure after the landing gear alarm sounded because the crew forgot to lower the undercarriage. Following a poor crew coordination, the copilot cut the throttle back, causing the aircraft to stall. The crew failed to follow the go-around procedure.

Crash of an Avro 748-234-2A in Surabaya: 16 killed

Date & Time: Jan 9, 1993
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PK-IHE
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Banjarmasin - Surabaya
MSN:
1620
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
39
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
16
Circumstances:
On short final to Surabaya-Juanda Airport, the right engine failed. The aircraft banked to the right and crashed in a swampy area located 800 metres short of runway. 16 occupants were killed while 28 others were injured.
Probable cause:
Failure of the right engine on short final for undetermined reasons. The relative low approach speed of the aircraft contributed to the stall/right bank.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 100 in Pogapa

Date & Time: Dec 8, 1992
Operator:
Registration:
PK-YPG
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
49
YOM:
1967
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll at Pogapa Airfield, the aircraft deviated to the right then went out of control. It veered off runway, went down an embankment and came to rest in a ravine. Both pilots escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The crew failed to prepare the flight according to published procedures and failed to follow the pre-takeoff checklist as the takeoff maneuver was initiated with the parking brake still engaged.