Crash of a Cessna 525 CitationJet CJ1 in Marietta: 4 killed

Date & Time: Apr 4, 1998 at 1032 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N111LR
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Chamblee - Harrisburg
MSN:
525-0222
YOM:
1997
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
1824
Captain / Total hours on type:
86.00
Aircraft flight hours:
181
Aircraft flight cycles:
125
Circumstances:
A Cessna 525 and a Cessna 172 collided in flight about 3,400 feet mean sea level on converging courses, with the 525 heading north and the 172 heading southwest. The converging speed was about 300 knots. The 525 departed under instrument flight rules, received vectors, and was initiating a climb on course. Training in the 525 emphasizes maximum use of the autopilot to afford greater outside scanning by the single pilot. The 525 was in radio contact with terminal approach control and the pilot's acknowledgement of the climb clearance was interrupted by the collision. The 172 had departed a local airfield, located just outside the 30 mile Mode C veil airspace of a terminal airport, and proceeded southwest. The collision occurred as the 172 was approaching Class D airspace of a military tower, and the pilot was initiating radio contact with the military tower. The terminal approach controller in contact with the 525 stated he did not observe the primary target of the 172, and conflict alert software was not installed. The 172 did not display a transponder signal and the transponder switch was subsequently found in the 'off' position. A cockpit visibility study indicated that from a fixed eye position the 172 was essentially hidden behind aircraft structure of the 525 for the 125 seconds before impact. The 172 could be seen by shifting the pilot's eye position. The 525 was viewable in the left lower section of the 172's windscreen. Both airplanes were operating in visual flight conditions.
Probable cause:
The failure of both pilots to see and avoid conflicting traffic, and the failure of the 172 pilot to operate the transponder as required by current regulations. Factors were the controller's failure to observe the traffic conflict, the lack of radar conflict alert capability, and the training emphasis on maximum autopilot usage with the autopilot controller placed at the rear of the cockpit center mounted pedestal.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402B in Tullahoma: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 23, 1993 at 0328 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N405PC
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Tullahoma - Harrisburg
MSN:
402B-1381
YOM:
1978
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
4302
Aircraft flight hours:
7693
Circumstances:
A witness reported that the airplane used the entire runway to get airborne, reached about 300 feet agl after liftoff, and drifted right. It then impacted trees about 1/3 mile from the departure end of the runway. Damage to the trees indicated that the airplane was in a right bank at impact. Both propellers showed evidence of rotation at impact. Estimated weight calculations showed that the airplane was at least 165 lbs in excess of max gross weight; this does not include an unknown amount of fuel on board prior to the last refueling. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.
Probable cause:
The pilot's failure to maintain control of the airplane during takeoff. Factors which contributed to the accident were: the pilot's failure to ensure that the airplane maximum gross takeoff weight was not exceeded, the dark night, and rain.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft C-45H Expeditor in Bermudian Valley Airpark

Date & Time: Feb 2, 1981 at 0859 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N45437
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hagerstown - Harrisburg
MSN:
AF-452
YOM:
1953
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
11300
Captain / Total hours on type:
4250.00
Circumstances:
En route from Hagerstown to Harrisburg, the crew reported engine problems and was cleared to divert to the nearest airport. He eventually decided to attempt an emergency landing in a field near Bermudian Valley Airpark, PA. Both occupants were injured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Engine failure in normal cruise due to improper maintenance on part of the maintenance personnel. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Carburetor deicing system,
- Ice carburetor,
- The pilot-in-command failed to follow approved procedures,
- Improper emergency procedures,
- Failure to provide adequate directives, manual, equipment,
- Intentional wheels-up landing,
- Conditions conducive to carburetor/induction system icing,
- Partial loss of power on one engine,
- Bolts vice taper pins installed in right carburetor air system,
- Improper flight manual,
- Full power not applied.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Harrisburg

Date & Time: Feb 17, 1978 at 2332 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N180X
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Harrisburg - Pittsburgh
MSN:
BA-84
YOM:
1955
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
8070
Captain / Total hours on type:
2435.00
Circumstances:
During the takeoff run at Harrisburg Airport by night and ground fog, the pilot failed to realize that the airplane deviated to the left and came to rest in an adjacent area. The pilot was uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Ground-water loop-swerve during takeoff run after the pilot failed to maintain directional control. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Airport conditions: snow windrows,
- Windshield, dirty, foggy, etc. - restricted vision,
- Ground fog,
- Single pilot operation,
- Encountered newly formed ground fog during night takeoff,
- Landing lights ON,
- Undetected runway deviation to the left.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 690 off Chicago: 4 killed

Date & Time: Apr 23, 1977 at 1550 LT
Registration:
N847
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Chicago - Harrisburg
MSN:
690-11140
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Captain / Total flying hours:
6707
Captain / Total hours on type:
1200.00
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Chicago-Merrill C. Meigs Airport, while climbing, the airplane collided with a flock of seagulls. An engine lost power and the airplane lost speed and height. The pilot elected to return when the airplane stalled and crashed into Lake Michigan. The aircraft was destroyed and all four occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Stall and spin after the airplane collided with a flock of seagulls. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Exercised poor judgment,
- Bird ingestion,
- Failed to maintain flying speed,
- Airport supervisory personnel,
- Improper emergency procedures,
- Pilot advised of seagulls on runway,
- Ineffective bird removal technique,
- Failed to retract flaps.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-48A-DO in DuBois

Date & Time: Mar 27, 1975 at 1435 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N6
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
DuBois - Harrisburg
MSN:
4146
YOM:
1941
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
17177
Captain / Total hours on type:
3300.00
Aircraft flight hours:
13901
Circumstances:
While taking off from runway 25 at DuBois-Jefferson County Airport, the airplane went out of control, veered off runway to the left, went down an embankment and came to rest in a wooded area. All 11 occupants were injured while the aircraft was destroyed. The pilot, inexperienced and unqualified in the DC-3, was making the takeoff with a 7-knot crosswind and with an unlocked tailwheel.
Probable cause:
The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of the accident was loss of control at takeoff because of the inexperience of the unqualified pilot making the takeoff and because of the failure of the experienced pilot in the right seat to assume timely control. The accident sequence was initiated by the poor judgment of the pilot-in-command in allowing an unqualified pilot to make the takeoff and by the Regional Director's assuming the left seat which was contrary to his own operating rules to assure that this aircraft was operated by qualified pilots at their respective duty stations.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft E18S in Skaneateles: 3 killed

Date & Time: Apr 6, 1972 at 1341 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N50W
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Skaneateles - Harrisburg
MSN:
BA-86
YOM:
1955
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
6200
Captain / Total hours on type:
54.00
Circumstances:
Just after takeoff from Skaneateles Airfield runway 10, while in initial climb, the right engine lost power. The pilot lost control of the airplane that crashed into Lake Skaneateles. The pilot and two passengers were killed while three other occupants were injured. The aircraft was lost.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled descent after takeoff following a partial loss of power on the right engine. The following factors were reported:
- Improper operation of powerplant & powerplant controls,
- Improper operation or failed to use the anti-icing/deicing equipment,
- Ice carburetor,
- Conditions conducive to carburetor/induction system icing,
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Airport conditions,
- Low ceiling and snow,
- Took off from a strip too short to obtain VMC speed,
- Near gross weight, after CofG.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-133B-DL Cargomaster near Palisade: 5 killed

Date & Time: Feb 6, 1970 at 0215 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
59-0530
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Travis - Harrisburg
MSN:
45581
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
While flying over Nebraska by night at an altitude of 23,000 feet on a flight from Travis AFB to Harrisburg, PA, the aircraft suffered an explosion. It entered a dive and crashed in flames in a field located 5 miles northeast of Palisade. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all five crew members were killed.
Crew:
Maj Harold W. Tabor, pilot,
1st Lt Duane D. Burdette, copilot,
S/Sgt Ira E. Bowers, loadmaster,
M/Sgt Joseph P. Tierney, flight engineer,
T/Sgt James J. Clouse, flight engineer.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the explosion of the airplane was the consequence of the presence of a 11 inches crack located above the left side door that broke away in flight, causing an explosive decompression of the cabin. In such conditions, the crew was unable to maintain control of the airplane.

Crash of a Convair CV-580 in Bradford: 11 killed

Date & Time: Jan 6, 1969 at 2035 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N5825
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Washington DC – Harrisburg – Bradford – Erie – Detroit
MSN:
386
YOM:
1956
Flight number:
AL737
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
11
Captain / Total flying hours:
5761
Captain / Total hours on type:
499.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
8220
Copilot / Total hours on type:
738
Aircraft flight hours:
27285
Circumstances:
Allegheny Airlines Flight 737 was a scheduled passenger flight from Washington, DC, to Detroit, MI, with en route stops at Harrisburg, Bradford, and Erie, PA. The flight was uneventful until it arrived in the Bradford area, about 20:22. About 20:23, Erie Approach Control asked flight 737 to report their distance to the airport: "Allegheny seven thirty seven, what are you showing DME from Bradford?". Upon which the crew replied, "Fifteen". Erie Approach Control then instructed, "... descend and cruise four thousand via Victor thirty three and cleared for the VOR thirty two (runway 32) approach to the Bradford Airport, report leaving six and Bradford's current weather sky partially obscured, measured ceiling eight hundred overcast, visibility one and one half and light snow showers, wind one seventy degrees at ten (knots) Bradford altimeter twenty nine point four nine." At ten miles from the airport Flight 737 asked for clearance to make its instrument approach to runway 14 instead of runway 32. The Bradford FSS Specialist obtained approval for this change from Erie Approach Control and so advised the flight. At 20:31 the flight reported completing the procedure turn inbound. The Convair clipped treetops 4,7nm short of the airport and cut a swath through trees bordering a fairway of the Pine Acres Golf Course. The aircraft came to rest inverted. Both pilots and 9 passengers were killed while 17 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Investigations were unable to determine precisely the probable cause of this accident. Of some 13 potential causes examined by the Board, three remain after final analysis. They are:
- Misreading of the altimeter by the captain,
- A malfunction of the captain's altimeter after completion of the instrument approach procedure turn, and
- A misreading of the instrument approach chart. Of these three, no single one can be accepted or rejected to the exclusion of another based on the available evidence.
Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland U-6A Beaver off Coles Point: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 10, 1967
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Fort Eustis – Harrisburg
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane deparated Fort Eustis-Felker AAF on a liaison flight to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. En route, the pilot encountered engine problems and lost control of the airplane that crashed into the Potomac River off Coles Point, Virginia. The aircraft sank and all five occupants were killed.
Crew:
Cpt James P. Perry, pilot.
Cpt Dennis A. Wrobleski, copilot.
Passengers:
CW2 Marvin L. Johnson,
CW3 William J. Francis,
SP6 Roger C. Fultz.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the loss of control was the consequence of a bent stop on the propeller governor which caused the engine to fail in flight due to overspeed.