Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante

Operator:

Registration:

N96PB

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Jacksonville - Tampa

MSN:

110-365

YOM:

1981

Flight number:

PT1039

Location:

Jacksonville-Intl

Florida

Country:

United States of America

Region:

North America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

10000

Captain / Total hours on type:

400.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

3000

Copilot / Total hours on type:

500

Aircraft flight hours:

5662

Aircraft flight cycles:

7858

Circumstances:

At 18:12, flight 1039 was cleared for takeoff from runway 31. At 18:13, while over the departure end of the runway and climbing through 600 feet, the crew acknowledged a frequency change. Thirty seconds later, the airplane was seen in a steep a descent near the extended centerline of the runway. The Bandeirante struck the ground 7,800 feet beyond the departure end of runway 31 and 85 feet to the right of the extended runway centerline in an inverted nose down attitude, after which it caught fire and burned. Before ground impact, the horizontal stabilizer, including bulkhead No. 36, had separated from the fuselage. Both elevators and elevator tips, the tail cone assembly, and the aft portion of the ventral fin also had separated in flight. All 13 occupants were killed.

Probable cause:

A malfunction of either the elevator control system or elevator trim system, which resulted in an airplane pitch control problem. The reaction of the flight crew to correct the pitch control problem overstressed the left elevator control rod, which resulted in asymmetrical elevator deflection and overstress failure of the horizontal stabilizer attachment structure. The Safety Board was not able to determine the precise problem with the pitch control system.

Final Report:

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P1 Bandeirante in Inverness: 1 killed

Date & Time: Nov 19, 1984 at 2059 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

G-HGGS

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Aberdeen – Inverness – Edinburgh

MSN:

110-294

YOM:

1980

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

2800

Captain / Total hours on type:

95.00

Circumstances:

The aircraft took off at 2055 hrs and the ATC stated that the take-off appeared to be normal. However, three witnesses standing outside the terminal buildings state that the aircraft appeared to maintain an unusually level flight path, about 100 feet, until they lost sight of it behind the buildings. Whichever of these take-off profiles was followed, the aircraft climbed ahead to a position short of Inverness town, and returned on an approximately reciprocal track to intercept and take up the 175° radial from the VOR beacon on the airfield. Approximately 4 minutes after takeoff, the aircraft was seen flying, apparently level, in a southerly direction at a height which was unspecified but low enough to be below the main cloud base. Less than a minute later a 'dying orange glow' was seen in the area of the accident site. A search was commenced shortly afterwards but due to uncertainty about the aircraft's position it was not until early on the morning of 21 November, when the weather cleared, that the wreckage of the aircraft was found. The aircraft had flown into the side of a hill at 1,600 feet amsl and disintegrated on impact. There were only small areas of locally contained fire. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.

Probable cause:

Although various hypotheses could be formulated to fit these flight profiles, there is no evidence which would enable a determination as to the cause of the accident to be made with any degree of certainty.

Final Report:

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110C Bandeirante in Rio das Ostras: 18 killed

Date & Time: Jun 28, 1984 at 0900 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

PP-SBC

Flight Phase:

Charter/Taxi (Non Scheduled Revenue Flight)

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Mountains

Schedule:

Rio de Janeiro - Macaé

MSN:

110-013

YOM:

1973

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

The twin engine airplane departed Rio de Janeiro-Galeão Airport on a charter flight to Macaé, carrying 16 journalists from four different Brazilian TV's who were invited by Petrobras to visit an offshore oil platform. While descending to Macaé Airport in poor weather conditions, the crew decided to continue under VFR mode when the aircraft struck the slope of Mt Morro São João (600 meters high) located about 34 km southwest of runway 06 threshold. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact and all 18 occupants were killed.

Probable cause:

Controlled flight into terrain after the crew continued the approach under VFR mode in IMC conditions.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110EJ Bandeirante in Imperatriz: 18 killed

Date & Time: Apr 18, 1984 at 1015 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

PT-GJZ

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Lake, Sea, Ocean, River

Schedule:

São Luiz - Imperatriz

MSN:

110-088

YOM:

1976

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

On approach to Imperatriz Airport following an uneventful flight from São Luíz, the Bandeirante collided with a second Votec Taxi Aéreo Bandeirante. Registered PT-GKL, the second aircraft was also approaching Imperatriz Airport following a flight from Belém with 17 people on board. Following the collision, the Bandeirante registered PT-GJZ went out of control and crashed in the Rio Tocantins and sank. All 18 occupants were killed. The crew of the second Bandeirante was able to make an emergency landing in a prairie despite the left engine was torn off following the collision. A passenger was killed while 16 other occupants escaped uninjured.

Probable cause:

In-flight collision on approach for unknown reasons.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P Bandeirante in Imperatriz: 1 killed

Date & Time: Apr 18, 1984 at 1015 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

PT-GKL

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Belém - Imperatriz

MSN:

110-107

YOM:

1976

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

On approach to Imperatriz Airport following an uneventful flight from Belém, the Bandeirante collided with a second Votec Taxi Aéreo Bandeirante. Registered PT-GJZ, the second aircraft was also approaching Imperatriz Airport following a flight from São Luíz with 18 people on board. Following the collision, the Bandeirante registered PT-GJZ went out of control and crashed in the Rio Tocantins and sank. All 18 occupants were killed. The crew of the second Bandeirante was able to make an emergency landing in a prairie despite the left engine was torn off following the collision. A passenger was killed while 16 other occupants escaped uninjured.

Probable cause:

In-flight collision on approach for unknown reasons.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110C Bandeirante in Araçatuba: 7 killed

Date & Time: Oct 7, 1983 at 1730 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

PP-SBH

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Campo Grande - Araçatuba

MSN:

110-026

YOM:

1974

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

2882

Captain / Total hours on type:

1246.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

2339

Copilot / Total hours on type:

1745

Circumstances:

On approach to Araçatuba Airport runway 22, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with heavy rain falls. After the approach was abandoned twice, the crew initiated a go around and attempted to land on runway 04. Completing a last turn to the left at very low altitude under VFR mode in IMC conditions, the airplane struck the ground with its left wingtip and crashed few hundred metres short of runway. Both pilots and five passengers were killed while eight other occupants were injured.

Probable cause:

The review of all data reveals that upon arrival at destination, the pilots encountered adverse weather conditions. A pilot from the airline, who was near the radio station, informed them that the airport was operating under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) and that the runway was very wet. Given the intensity of the rainfall, some witnesses believe the airfield should have been closed. The absence of a meteorologist allowed information to be relayed to the crews, who then made unsuccessful approach attempts when they should have diverted to the alternate airport. According to the statement of the captain of the other aircraft flying over the airfield, at the critical moment of the procedure, he had no visual contact with the ground. During the go around procedure, while flying over the airport, he spotted the second half of runway 22, which led him to attempt a visual approach to runway 04. During this attempt, which essentially consisted of a 180° turn, the pilot again sought to establish visual contact in difficult landing conditions (aircraft altitude and immediate proximity of the runway) and aborted the landing. Based on the evidence gathered, it has been concluded that the crew involved in the accident attempted a similar procedure, abandoned the approach and elected to establish a visual contact with the ground. During the final turn completed at low altitude in a steep left bank, despite the crew not having established visual contact, the aircraft struck the ground with its left wingtip and crashed. From the perspective of human error, it should be noted that the pilots had been away from home for five days and that after landing at this airport, they were to complete their mission and be flown back to São Paulo by the second aircraft that was also attempting to land. This situation must have caused them some anxiety about their desire to land, leading them to accept the risks of a perilous operation. The fact that the captain was seated on the right may have contributed to hindering his piloting, allowing the copilot to attempt a visual approach when such a procedure was impossible.

Final Report:

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P2 Bandeirante in Port Moresby

Date & Time: Nov 4, 1982 at 0510 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

P2-RDL

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

National Capital District

Schedule:

Port Moresby - Lae

MSN:

110-300

YOM:

1980

Location:

Port Moresby

Country:

Papua New Guinea

Region:

Oceania

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Just after liftoff, the left engine failed. The pilot decided to land back but the aircraft was unable to stop within the remaining distance. It overran, went through two perimeter fence and came to rest 60 meters further, bursting into flames. The pilot, sole on board, was uninjured.

Probable cause:

Failure of the left engine during initial climb for unknown reasons.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P1 Bandeirante in Barranquilla

Date & Time: May 29, 1982 at 0709 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

HK-2743

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Barranquilla-Ernesto Cortissoz (ex Soledad)

Schedule:

Barranquilla – Corozal

MSN:

110-366

YOM:

1981

Location:

Atlántico

Country:

Colombia

Region:

South America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

After takeoff from Barranquilla-Ernesto Cortissoz Airport, while climbing, the Bandeirante collided with a Colombian Air Force Lockheed T-33. The crew reduced his altitude and was able to complete an emergency landing in a lagoon located in Malambo, about 4 km southeast of the airport. All seven occupants were rescued while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. The pilot of the T-33 also complete a safe emergency landing.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P Bandeirante in Florianópolis

Date & Time: May 22, 1982 at 1200 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

PT-GKC

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Florianópolis-Hercílio Luz

Schedule:

Chapecó – Florianópolis

MSN:

110-092

YOM:

1976

Location:

Santa Catarina

Country:

Brazil

Region:

South America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

On final approach to Florianópolis-Hercilio Luz Airport, the crew encountered poor visibility when the airplane crashed in a swampy area located 1,500 meters short of runway threshold. All four occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of an Embraer EMB-110P1 Bandeirante in Paipa: 21 killed

Date & Time: Sep 2, 1981 at 0955 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

HK-2651-X

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site: