Crash of a Lockheed L-188 Electra in Saint Louis: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jul 6, 1977 at 2327 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N280F
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Saint Louis - Detroit
MSN:
1076
YOM:
1959
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Captain / Total flying hours:
11540
Captain / Total hours on type:
390.00
Circumstances:
The takeoff procedure was abandoned after the propeller on engine n°2 autofeathered. During the second takeoff, while in initial climb, the airplane entered an uncontrolled descent and crashed in flames by the runway. All three crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Uncontrolled descent during initial climb due to unwanted thrust reversal on engine n°2. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The pilot-in-command exercised poor judgment,
- Attempted operation with known deficiencies in equipment,
- Failed to follow approved procedures,
- Thrust reversal unwanted,
- Oil exhaustion in propeller system,
- Propeller system: feathering pump - leakage,
- Inadequate maintenance and inspection,
- Deficiency, company maintained equipment, services, regulation,
- Pilot fatigue,
- Oil replaced improperly,
- Pump output o-rings bad.
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 25B in Detroit

Date & Time: May 26, 1977 at 0940 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N501PS
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Detroit - Detroit
MSN:
25-153
YOM:
1974
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
9291
Captain / Total hours on type:
218.00
Circumstances:
The crew departed Detroit-Ypsilanti Airport on a positioning (exec) flight to Detroit-Wayne County Airport. After touchdown on runway 33, the airplane encountered difficulties to decelerate. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, it overran, struck a fence and came to rest in flames against a concrete pole located 950 feet further. Both pilots were injured and the airplane was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Inadequate preflight preparation on part of the pilot-in-command caused the airplane to ran off the end of the runway. The thrust reversers were found in stowed position.
Final Report:

Crash of a Mitsubishi MU-2-25 Marquise in Detroit

Date & Time: Apr 4, 1977 at 2004 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N321MA
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Boston - Detroit
MSN:
276
YOM:
1973
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
2993
Captain / Total hours on type:
144.00
Circumstances:
On final approach to Detroit-Willow Run Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions and decided to make a go-around for unknown reasons. Shortly later, the twin engine crashed near the airport. Both occupants were seriously injured and the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Collision with ground during a missed approach due to improper maintenance. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Flight control systems: elevator tab control system, frayed and binding,
- Low ceiling,
- Fog,
- Maintenance conducted on elevator trim tab bracket a day prior to the accident.
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 23 in Flint: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 6, 1977 at 1912 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N332PC
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Detroit - Flint
MSN:
23-056
YOM:
1965
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
18320
Captain / Total hours on type:
1648.00
Circumstances:
The approach to Flint-Bishop Airport runway 27 was completed in poor weather conditions with limited visibility due to snow falls. On final, the airplane stalled then rolled to the right to an angle of 45° and crashed in flames. The aircraft was destroyed and both pilots were killed. They were completing a cargo flight from Detroit-Willow Run (Ypsilanti) Airport.
Probable cause:
Stall on final approach after the crew failed to maintain flying speed. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Failed to initiate go-around,
- Improper operation of flight controls,
- ATC issued improper or conflicting instructions,
- Lack of familiarity with aircraft,
- Poorly planned approach,
- Pilot had limited recent jet experience,
- Vectored and cleared for ILS back course 3NM southeast of middle marker.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft C-45H Expeditor in Canton

Date & Time: Dec 5, 1973 at 0008 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N9909Z
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Detroit - Saint Louis
MSN:
AF-628
YOM:
1954
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5013
Captain / Total hours on type:
3169.00
Circumstances:
En route from Detroit to Saint Louis on a night cargo flight, the pilot informed ATC that both engines failed and was vectored to Canton-Plymouth-Mettetal Airport for an emergency landing. Approaching by night and without any terrain in sight, the pilot lost control of the airplane that stalled and crashed few miles from the airport. The aircraft was destroyed and the pilot, sole on board, was injured.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure in flight caused by fuel exhaustion. The following factors were reported:
- Mismanagement of fuel,
- Improper in-flight decisions,
- Fuel exhaustion,
- Improper level off,
- Inadequate preflight preparation,
- Complete engine failure,
- Forced landing off airport,
- Vectored to alternate airport due to low fuel,
- Both engines failed before field in sight.
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 24D in Detroit: 2 killed

Date & Time: Feb 21, 1973 at 0956 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
N100SQ
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saint Joseph - Detroit
MSN:
24-113
YOM:
1966
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
4998
Captain / Total hours on type:
473.00
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Saint Joseph, Missouri, the crew started the descent to Detroit-Willow Run Airport. After a wrong approach configuration, the crew misjudged distance and speed during the last segment, causing the aircraft to land too far down the runway. After touchdown, the airplane was unable to stop within the remaining distance and the captain decided to initiate a go-around manoeuvre but this was too late. The airplane overran, struck the localizer antenna then crashed on the ILS building. Both pilots were killed while the passenger was seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Improper operation of flight controls on part of the crew who misjudged distance and speed and delayed in initiating a go-around manoeuvre. The following factors were reported:
- The crew failed to stow spoilers on go-around.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed 18 LearStar I in Detroit: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jan 14, 1965 at 1208 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N512V
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Detroit - Detroit
MSN:
2580
YOM:
1943
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
11008
Captain / Total hours on type:
3870.00
Aircraft flight hours:
7877
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Detroit-Willow Run (Ypsilanti) Airport. On final approach to runway 05R, the instructor decided to make a go around. The crew increased engine power, raised the landing gear and deployed the flaps when the airplane stalled and crashed in a field and burst into flames. Both pilots were killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control caused by the failure of a flap cable.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas R5D-3 in Detroit: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jan 22, 1957 at 2133 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
50869
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Miramar – Albuquerque – Detroit
MSN:
10546
YOM:
1945
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on its way from Miramar to Detroit, carrying a crew of seven. They made a stop at Albuquerque to carry the body of a USN pilot who was killed in an accident two days earlier. While descending to Willow Run Airport, the pilot briefed his crew about the minimums and confirmed that if runway was not in sight at 800 feet, they will divert to Grosse Isle NAS. The approach was completed in a low visibility due to snow falls and a ceiling at 550 feet when the airplane hit the ground near a pond, lost an engine and crashed in flames in an open field located about two miles short of runway 05. LCDR William E. Sale was killed while six others were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
The cause of the accident was attributed to a faulty altimeter reading caused by a frozen moisture drain on the Pitot Static System. As a result, it caused altimeter readings to lag as the plane descended.

Crash of a Vickers 744 Viscount in Chicago

Date & Time: Feb 20, 1956 at 0811 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N7404
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Detroit – Chicago
MSN:
90
YOM:
1955
Flight number:
CA141
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
38
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
17752
Captain / Total hours on type:
610.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5539
Copilot / Total hours on type:
53
Aircraft flight hours:
1541
Circumstances:
Capital Airlines flight 141 of February 20, 1956, originated at Willow Run Airport, Detroit, Michigan, and was a regularly scheduled flight to Chicago. The crew consisted of Captain Roger Harrison Taylor, First Officer George Richard Hanst and Stewardesses Jacqueline V. Sadowski and Gloria Galloway. Captain R. E. Gilliland, the fifth assigned crew member, was deadheading to Chicago and rode in the passenger cabin. Following a weather briefing, which included a review of en route and terminal weather forecasts, a VFR flight plan was filed. Departure from Detroit was at 0700. The gross takeoff weight of the air- craft was 54,701 pounds, which was below the specified limit; the load was distributed properly with respect to the center of gravity of the aircraft. The flight to the vicinity of Chicago was routine. Near Chicago Flight 141 reported to the Chicago tower that it was over the shoreline. The flight later reported passing Kedzie and was cleared to land on runway 31R. The flight was observed to make a right turn to final approach and appeared to descend in a normal manner until over the west side of Cicero Avenue (the eastern boundary of the airport) at an altitude of 25 to 50 feet above the ground. At this point the airplane appeared to decelerate and descend rapidly. The aircraft was further observed to strike the ground in a slightly nose-up attitude several hundred feet short of the threshold of threshold of the runway, and the top of the fuselage was seen to break open adjacent to the wing spar to fuselage attachment. As the aircraft proceeded down the runway the landing gear retracted and the aircraft then slid on its belly until it came to rest to the left of the runway, 1,626 feet beyond the point of initial impact. All occupants left the aircraft through emergency exits or the main cabin door. The fire department, having been called by tower personnel, arrived at the scene before all persons had evacuated the aircraft. However, there was no fire. The Chicago weather at 0720 was reported as: Sky clear, visibility 6 miles; smoke; wind north-northwest.
Probable cause:
The Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was a malfunctioning of the propeller control switches which culminated in an abrupt loss of lift. The following findings were reported:
- Three of the four landing gear actuated switches, which are located on the landing gear also struts and which effect operation of the propeller, were found to have been capable of malfunctioning by jamming, sticking, or freezing,
- No periodic inspection for internal examination of these switches had been established by the company prior to the accident,
- At least two of the tending gear actuated switches malfunctioned, making it possible for the 21-degree pitch stops to be withdrawn, and consequently ineffective,
- The crew failed to see the 21-degree pitch warning light on, and, therefore, they did not actuate the emergency switch,
- During the final stage of the approach at Chicago, the propellers moved to the ground fine pitch range,
- When the first officer saw three of the 17-degree pitch warning lights come on, he advanced all four throttles quickly,
- The rapid advance of the throttles caused the propeller governor control to move the propeller blades to the four-degree pitch position, thereby creating both propeller drag and loss of wing lift.
Final Report: