Crash of a Grumman G-44 Widgeon near Pelican: 1 killed

Date & Time: Nov 4, 1954 at 1310 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N67794
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sitka – Pelican – Hoonah – Juneau
MSN:
1321
YOM:
1943
Flight number:
ACA060
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
14000
Captain / Total hours on type:
600.00
Aircraft flight hours:
2763
Circumstances:
Flight 60 originated at Sitka, Alaska, with stops scheduled at Pelican City, Hoonah, and Juneau, the destination. Before departure from Sitka, the dispatcher in Juneau issued clearance for the flight to proceed DVFR (Defense Visual Flight Rules) to Hoonah and wait, if necessary, at that station for weather to improve in the Juneau area. The flight plan indicated estimated time from Sitka to Juneau, including stops, would be two hours and fifty minutes. Fuel consumption was estimated at 60 gallons, with 20 gallons re-serve upon arrival at Juneau. Gross weight of all disposable load at takeoff was 1,401 pounds, 30 less than the maximum allowable. The flight departed Sitka at 1153 with Captain James C. Rinehart (pilot), four passengers, cargo, mail, and baggage. The route between Sitka and Pelican City follows the North Pacific shore. The flight landed at Pelican City at 1235. Two passengers deplaned and 88 pounds of baggage, mail, and cargo were taken off; 159 pounds of cargo were added. The aircraft was not refueled. The pilot reported by radio that the flight departed Pelican City at 1305 en route to Hoonah. This was the last radio contact. When the flight became overdue at Hoonah, search operations were instituted. The Coast Guard was notified at 1655 and began search. At approximately 0800 the following morning, the pilot of a private aircraft located the wreckage in a mountain pass several miles southeast of Pelican City. A Coast Guard and civilian ground rescue party arrived the afternoon of November 5, rendered first aid to the two passengers, and stayed until the survivors and the body of the pilot were evacuated by helicopter on November 6.
Probable cause:
The Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was loss of control of the aircraft during a steep turn in severe turbulence while the pilot was attempting to conduct visual flight at less than the required altitude and weather minimums. The following findings were reported:
- Weather conditions within the pass were: Rain, fog, severe turbulence, and low ceiling, with the base of the clouds extending about halfway down the 3,000-foot mountain slopes,
- Flight 60 crashed one-fourth mile due south of the summit of the pass about 1.500 feet above mean sea level, the pilot having negotiated about three miles of its 10-mile length,
- The aircraft struck the ground on a west heading at a sharp bend in the narrow pass, having encountered strong turbulence in a steep left bank at low altitude,
- The pilot had reversed course when the accident occurred,
- The two passengers survived but the pilot was fatally injured,
- Alaska Coastal Airlines flights in this type aircraft are restricted to Defense Visual Flight Rules operations,
- The Alaska Coastal Airlines operations manual specified that the pass must be flown at 3,000 feet altitude,
- The pilot was attempting to negotiate the pass at less than the altitude specified in the operations manual and in weather conditions which were lower than DVFR requirements.
Final Report:

Crash of a Grumman G-21A Goose into the King Salmon Bay: 5 killed

Date & Time: Sep 1, 1954 at 1815 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N742
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Sitka – Juneau
MSN:
B022
YOM:
1943
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
After taking part to a fish regulation conference in Sitka, all passengers were returning to Juneau when they decided to perform a low pass over the King Salmon Bay (east part of the Admiralty Island) to make a stream survey of the salmon run conditions. At a height of 100 feet, while making a turn to the left, the aircraft hit the ground. The left wing and the left engine were sheared off and the seaplane crashed into the King Salmon Bay. Debris were scattered for more than 200 yards over the creek. A passenger who was seriously wounded was able to reach the shore and was spotted by a bush pilot about 24 hours later and transferred to a hospital in Juneau. As soon as the mishap was known to the USFWS, they sent their vessel christened 'Grizzly Bear' and three planes but reached the crash site on the morning of September 3 only. On site, they noted that all five other occupants have been killed in the crash and that the airplane was totally destroyed.
Crew:
Robert Meeks, pilot. †
Passengers:
George B. Kelez, †
Richard Schuman, †
Larry Kelleon, †
Pattie David Bidwell, †
Gomer Hilsinger.

Crash of a De Havilland L-20 Beaver in Alaska: 2 killed

Date & Time: Aug 16, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Puntilla Lake – Farewell
Location:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
1
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances in a mountainous area while completing a supply mission between Puntilla Lake and Farewell. Both occupants, a pilot and a passenger, were killed.

Crash of a Douglas DC-3C near McGrath: 2 killed

Date & Time: Aug 8, 1954 at 1540 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N91008
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
McGrath – Colorado Creek
MSN:
13977/25422
YOM:
1944
Location:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
While flying about 25 miles northwest of McGrath in marginal weather conditions, the aircraft hit the slope of a mountain. As it failed to arrive, SAR operations were conducted and the wreckage was found few hours later. Both crew members were killed in the crash.

Crash of a Douglas C-47D near Curry: 10 killed

Date & Time: Feb 5, 1954
Operator:
Registration:
45-0895
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Fort Wainwright - Elmendorf
MSN:
16898/34155
YOM:
1945
Location:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
13
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
While flying in freezing rain, the airplane crashed on the slope of a mountain located about 20 miles north of Curry, in the Denali National Park. Six occupants were rescued while ten others were killed.

Crash of a Canadair C-54GM North Star in Shemya

Date & Time: Dec 27, 1953
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
17505
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
112
YOM:
1947
Location:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a flight from Canada to South Korea with an intermediate stop in Shemya, Aleutian Islands, taking part to the Korean airlift. After touchdown at Shemya Airport, the four engine aircraft went out of control and veered off runway before coming to rest. There were no casualties but the airplane was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the landing was completed with crosswinds gusting up to 50 knots, which caused the aircraft to veer off runway.

Crash of a De Havilland DH.104 Dove 2A in Ketchikan

Date & Time: Aug 4, 1953
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N4272C
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
04351
YOM:
1952
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances at Ketchikan Airport. There were no casualties.

Crash of a Martin PBM-5S Mariner off Adak: 12 killed

Date & Time: Jul 2, 1953
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
85158
Survivors:
No
MSN:
85158
YOM:
1945
Location:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
12
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a maritime patrol flight over the North Pacific Ocean when the radio operator informed ATC he would divert to Adak for an emergency landing due to a fire on board. While approaching Adak Airport, the seaplane hit the water surface and crashed into the ocean few miles off shore, killing all 12 crew members.

Crash of a Douglas C-124A-DL Globemaster II on Mt Gannett: 52 killed

Date & Time: Nov 22, 1952 at 2015 LT
Operator:
Registration:
51-0107
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
McChord – Elmendorf
MSN:
43441
YOM:
1951
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
41
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
52
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft was completing a flight from McChord AFB to Elmendorf AFB, carrying 41 passengers and a crew of 11. En route, the crew was informed about strong winds gusting up to 40 knots from the west. While cruising by night and marginal weather conditions, the aircraft hit the slope of Mt Gannett (9'650 feet high) located about 53 miles east of Elmendorf. As the airplane failed to arrive, SAR operations were conducted but due to poor weather conditions, first rescuers arrived on scene six days later only, on November 28. The wreckage was found on the Surprise Glacier, about 1,000 feet below the summit. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 52 occupants were killed. On June 9, 2012, some debris were found and on June 28, 2012, the wreckage was spotted again. Two years later, on June 18, 2014, the remains of 17 of the victims were identified and returned to their respectives families for burial.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the information transmitted to the crew regarding the wind component was erroneous as the wind was gusting up to 80 knots at the time of the accident, causing the aircraft to drift off from the prescribed flight path. The crew was unable to establish his real position due to the low visibility caused by night and fog and the absence of ground reference points. It is believed the accident was the result of a controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Fairchild C-119C-23-FA Flying Boxcar in Alaska: 20 killed

Date & Time: Nov 15, 1952
Operator:
Registration:
51-2570
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Kodiak – Elmendorf
MSN:
10528
YOM:
1950
Location:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
20
Circumstances:
The crew was performing a flight from Kodiak to Elmendorf AFB, taking part to the 'Warmwind' exercice. En route, the airplane disappeared in unclear circumstances. As it failed to arrive in Elmendorf, extensive SAR operations were conducted but eventually suspended a month later as no trace of the aircraft nor the 20 occupants was found.
Probable cause:
In the absence of evidence, the cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty. However, it is believed that the aircraft was off course at the time of the accident, apparently following issues with radio frequencies between two stations. Following this second accident in Alaska in one week and the third involving a C-119 in the same period, the US government reclaimed funds to modernize the ATC infrastructure in Alaska and to equip the area with VHF beacons.