Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter

Schedule:

Oslo - Bergen

MSN:

208B-0310

YOM:

1992

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

1676

Captain / Total hours on type:

327.00

Aircraft flight hours:

2193

Circumstances:

The aircraft was completing a cargo flight to Bergen, carrying one pilot and 1,389 kilos of newspapers. Following a night takeoff from runway 19, while climbing in poor weather conditions at an altitude of about 390 metres, the single engine aircraft stalled and crashed in a wooded area located 1,5 km from the airport. The pilot, sole on board, was killed.

Probable cause:

The accident was the consequence of a stall during initial climb to an excessive accumulation of ice on wings and tail as the aircraft had not been deiced prior to departure. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The plane was outdoors for an estimated time of 20 minutes under conditions in which ice could adhere on the surface of the plane's hull, wings and tail surfaces.
- The plane was not de-iced by the pilot prior to departure.
- The company had not developed adequate written instructions for de-icing. The company had no written instructions to prevent icing during ground stay.
- The company had no sufficient equipment available, or added conditions sufficiently organized so that icin accretion be prevented or removed before departure from Gardermoen.
- The plane took off with ice on the surface of the wings and tail surfaces
- Ice on the surface of the wings and tail surfaces reduced flight characteristics in such a degree that the pilot did not manage to gain height after departure and therefore crashed.

Final Report:

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 at Rothera Station: 4 killed

Date & Time: Nov 24, 1994 at 0301 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

C-GKBD

Flight Phase:

Charter/Taxi (Non Scheduled Revenue Flight)

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Douglas C-47 Skytrain (DC-3)

Schedule:

Rothera - Terra Nova Bay

MSN:

314

YOM:

1971

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

3984

Captain / Total hours on type:

3414.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

3180

Copilot / Total hours on type:

448

Circumstances:

The twin engine aircraft departed Rothera Station runway 18 on a charter flight to Terra Nova, carrying two passengers and two pilots. During initial climb, the airplane became unstable and rolled side to side. From a height of about 100 feet, it stalled and crashed on the slope of an iceberg facing the airport, bursting into flames. All four occupants were killed.

Probable cause:

The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty as rescuers and investigators were unable to reach the crash site that was unstable and too dangerous. The stall occurred at a too low altitude to expect recovery.

Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-47B-DK in Puerto la Victoria

Date & Time: Nov 24, 1994

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

2028

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Military

Survivors:

Site:

Piper PA-46 (Malibu/Meridian/Mirage/Matrix/M-Class)

Schedule:

Puerto la Victoria - Asunción

MSN:

16667/33415

YOM:

1945

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

During the takeoff roll, the aircraft deviated to the left then veered off runway and came to rest. All three crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Piper PA-46-310P Malibu in Sion

Date & Time: Nov 4, 1994 at 2030 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

HB-PIP

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Training

Survivors:

Site:

Schedule:

Sion - Sion

MSN:

46-8508091

YOM:

1985

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

2468

Captain / Total hours on type:

1.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

3097

Copilot / Total hours on type:

167

Aircraft flight hours:

2780

Circumstances:

Owned by the Federal Office of Civil Aviation (FOCA), the aircraft was dispatched at Sion Airport to perform several local training flight. At the end of the day, a pilot under training and an FOCA inspector decided to complete a local training flight out of Sion Airport. The single engine aircraft took off at 1935LT and the crew completed several touch-and-go maneuvers. Less than an hour later, after takeoff from runway 26, while in initial climb, the engine failed. The crew attempted to make an emergency landing in an open field when the aircraft collided with a car on a street and crashed on the ground. Both pilots escaped with minor injuries while one people in the car was seriously injured. The aircraft and the car were destroyed.

Probable cause:

Engine failure during initial climb due to fuel exhaustion. Investigations revealed that during the flight preparation, the flight inspector was the victim either of a mistake or of a lack of attention when he checked the quantities in the fuel tanks, an operation carried out at night using a flashlight which was uneasy. The aircraft already flew for three hours prior to the accident and no fuel was added prior to the present flight.

Final Report:

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2R in Batagay: 6 killed

Date & Time: Oct 30, 1994 at 1032 LT

Type of aircraft:

PZL-Mielec AN-2

Operator:

Yakutavia

Registration:

CCCP-33008

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Scheduled Revenue Flight

Survivors:

Site:

Republic of Yakutia (Sakha)

Schedule:

Batagay – Verkhoyansk – Sartan – Barylas – Arylakh

MSN:

1G217-55

YOM:

1986

Location:

Batagay

Country:

Russia

Region:

Asia

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

Shortly after takeoff from Batagay Airport, while climbing to a height of about 50 metres, the aircraft nosed up. Rather than reducing engine power, the captain asked the passengers to come to the front of the cabin when the aircraft rolled to the left, stalled and crashed 80 metres to the left of the runway. Seven passengers were killed while 12 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.

Probable cause:

The aircraft stalled during initial climb due to the combination of the following factors:
- The crew failed to prepare the flight according to published procedures,
- No mass and balance sheet was calculated prior to departure,
- Four passengers were not mentioned on the pax manifest,
- At the time of the accident, the total weight of the aircraft was 503 kilos above MTOW,
- The CofG was 5,2% above the rear permissible limit.

Crash of an Antonov AN-72 in Vorkuta

Date & Time: Oct 23, 1994

Type of aircraft:

Antonov AN-72

Operator:

Federal Border Guard Aviation Command

Registration:

RA-72960

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Government

Survivors:

Site:

Rockwell Grand Commander 690

MSN:

36572093865

YOM:

1981

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

During the takeoff roll at Vorkuta, the left engine suffered a hydraulic failure. The crew lost control of the aircraft that deviated to the left, veered off runway and came to rest, bursting into flames. All 34 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of a Rockwell Grand Commander 690B in Springfield: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 8, 1994 at 1031 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Bill B. Limbaugh

Registration:

N27MT

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Private

Survivors:

Site:

Arsenyev Aviation Production Association

Schedule:

Springfield - Olathe

MSN:

690-11533

YOM:

1979

Location:

Springfield-Downtown

Missouri

Country:

United States of America

Region:

North America

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

2750

Captain / Total hours on type:

3.00

Circumstances:

After taking off on an IFR flight, the airplane was observed to climb into a low overcast. The pilot contacted departure control and reported climbing through 2,200 feet for an assigned altitude of 5,000 feet msl. Shortly thereafter, radar and radio contact were lost, and the airplane crashed in a steep dive. During an investigation, no preimpact part failure or malfunction was found, though the airplane was extensively damaged during impact. The pilot's logbook indicated that he had flown three instrument approaches on 3/3/94 and that he had flown 3.1 hours in actual instrument conditions since that date.

Probable cause:

Failure of the pilot to maintain control of the airplane, due to spatial disorientation. A factor related to the accident was: the pilot's lack of recent instrument experience.

Final Report:

Crash of an Antonov AN-8 in Chaibukha: 8 killed

Date & Time: Sep 30, 1994 at 1110 LT

Type of aircraft:

Antonov AN-8

Operator:

Registration:

RA-27209

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Cargo

Survivors:

Site:

Rockwell 1121 Jet Commander

Schedule:

Arsenyev - Khabarovsk - Chaibukha - Bukhta Provideniya

MSN:

0A3460

YOM:

1960

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Aircraft flight hours:

15611

Aircraft flight cycles:

5815

Circumstances:

The aircraft was completing a cargo flight from Arsenyev to Bukhta Provideniya with intermediate stops in Khabarovsk and Chaibukha, carrying 15 passengers, 6 crew members and a load of six tons of fruits and vegetables. During the takeoff roll from Chaibukha Airport, following a misunderstanding by the crew, the pilot-in-command failed to initiate the rotation and takeoff. The aircraft rolled for about 2,250 metres, overran, went through a fence and came to rest in a swampy area. Four crew members and four passengers were killed while 13 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.

Probable cause:

The accident was the consequence of a poor flight preparation and wrong takeoff configuration on part of the crew. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The takeoff was rushed and the crew failed to follow the pre-takeoff checklist,
- The elevators were selected in an inappropriate angle during takeoff,
- The total weight of the aircraft was above MTOW,
- The crew did not have sufficient rest time,
- Due to fatigue, the crew performances were reduced,
- A certain level/degree of alcohol was found in the captain's blood,
- Poor crew coordination,
- Misunderstanding by the crew,
- The pilot-in-command failed to initiate the rotation,
- The crew failed to abandon the takeoff procedure while it was obviously compromised.

Crash of a Rockwell 1121B Jet Commander in Córdoba: 8 killed

Date & Time: Sep 29, 1994 at 2058 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Radeair

Registration:

LV-WEN

Flight Phase:

Charter/Taxi (Non Scheduled Revenue Flight)

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site: