Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 100 near Ankara: 28 killed

Date & Time: Sep 23, 1961 at 2002 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TC-TAY
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Nicosia – Adana – Ankara
MSN:
10182
YOM:
1961
Flight number:
TK835
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
28
Aircraft flight hours:
111
Aircraft flight cycles:
140
Circumstances:
The flight was scheduled Nicosia - Adana - Ankara. No mechanical difficulties were reported en route. While approaching Ankara, the aircraft descended from flight level 165 to 90, was cleared to land and reported to Esenboga Tower (Ankara). At 1801Z the pilot reported leaving the Ankara radio range. One minute later the aircraft crashed and burned, fatally injuring 4 crew and 24 passengers. One passenger survived the accident with minor injuries. The accident site was 18 km from the left side of the extended centreline of runway 03.
Probable cause:
During the approach to the airport the aircraft was not in the normal pattern and was below the normal altitude.
Final Report:

Crash of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle I in Ankara: 42 killed

Date & Time: Jan 19, 1960 at 2147 LT
Operator:
Registration:
OY-KRB
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Copenhagen – Düsseldorf – Vienna – Istanbul – Ankara – Cairo
MSN:
14
YOM:
1959
Flight number:
SK871
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
35
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
42
Captain / Total flying hours:
8000
Captain / Total hours on type:
310.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1971
Copilot / Total hours on type:
280
Circumstances:
On an instrument approach to Ankara-Esenboğa Airport, while descending to an altitude of 3,500 feet heading 031, the airplane struck a hill located 9,6 km short of runway 03 threshold. The airplane was destroyed upon impact and all 42 occupants have been killed. For unknown reason, the aircraft passed below the glide and was 1,100 feet too low at the time of the accident.
Probable cause:
The accident occurred because of an unintentional descent below the authorized minimum flight altitude during final approach to Esenboğa Airport. The reason for this descent could not be ascertained due to lack of conclusive evidence.

Crash of a Nord 2501D Noratlas in Kapıdağ Yarımadası: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jul 24, 1959
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
GA+243
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
MSN:
18
YOM:
1953
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
Few minutes after takeoff from Bandirma AFB, while climbing, the airplane struck the slope of Mt Kapıdağ Yarımadası located 18 km northwest of the airfield, in the Kapıdağ Peninsula. All five crew members were killed.

Crash of an Avro 688 Super Trader 4B on Mt Süphan Dağı: 12 killed

Date & Time: Apr 23, 1959 at 0946 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
G-AGRH
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
London – Ankara – Bahrain
MSN:
1256
YOM:
1945
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
12
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft was performing a cargo flight from London to Bahrain with an intermediate stop at Ankara Airport, carrying a crew of 12 and various goods. At 0814LT, the airplane passed over Gemerek at an altitude of 11,500 feet then Elaziğ at 0859LT at 13,500 feet. The crew reported his position over Muş 27 minutes later and the contact was lost at 0946LT. SAR operations were conducted and the wreckage was found six days later on the slope of the Mt Süphan Dağı (4,158 metres high) located to the north of the Van Lake. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 12 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The aircraft, flying on instruments, drifted north of its normal track because of strong winds and crashed into the mountain. Contributing factors were:
- The winds were stronger than forecast,
- An accurate bearing could not be obtained at Muş, and Van had not been checked,
- Sub-normal temperatures would result in a high indicated altimeter reading,
- Calculations on the flight and contacts with beacons were not coordinated and controlled.

Crash of a Douglas C-124C Globemaster II at Incirlik AFB: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 31, 1959
Operator:
Registration:
51-5201
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
43611
YOM:
1951
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
Just after liftoff at Incirlik AFB, while in initial climb, the four engine aircraft stalled and crashed. Four crew members were killed while five others were injured.

Crash of a Douglas C-47B-15-DK in Giresun: 9 killed

Date & Time: Sep 18, 1958
Operator:
Registration:
CBK-081
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Giresun – Ordu
MSN:
26731/15286
YOM:
1944
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Circumstances:
The takeoff was conducted in foggy conditions. Shortly after rotation, while climbing, the aircraft hit tree tops and crashed in flames in a wooded area. All nine occupants were killed.

Crash of a Miles M.57 Aerovan IV in Göynük

Date & Time: Aug 5, 1958
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
TC-BIS
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
6422
YOM:
1947
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
In flight, the right engine failed, forcing the crew to carry an emergency landing in a field located in Göynük. The aircraft lost its undercarriage, slid for several yards and came to rest, partially destroyed. Both pilots were injured.
Probable cause:
Failure of the right engine.

Crash of a Douglas C-124C Globemaster II in Ankara: 3 killed

Date & Time: Nov 28, 1957
Operator:
Registration:
52-0995
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tripoli – Ankara
MSN:
43904
YOM:
1952
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a flight from Wheelus AFB (Mitiga) in Tripoli. While approaching Ankara-Esenboğa Airport, the pilot encountered low visibility due to poor weather conditions when the airplane struck a hill located 10 km short of runway. Three crew members were killed while five others were injured.

Crash of a Douglas C-47B-28-DK off Adana: 5 killed

Date & Time: Jun 11, 1957
Operator:
Registration:
6043
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
15963/32711
YOM:
1945
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
In unclear circumstances, the Dakota collided with a THK Republic F-84G Thunderjet registered 51-10884. Out of control, it crashed into the Seyhan Barajı off Adana, killing all five crew members. The pilot of the Thunderjet ejected and was later rescued.

Crash of a Beechcraft AT-11 Kansan in Kiğı: 3 killed

Date & Time: May 14, 1957
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
6895
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
MSN:
3417
YOM:
1942
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The crew departed Erzurum on a liaison flight. En route, in unclear circumstances, the twin engine aircraft struck a mountain located near Kiğı, killing all three crew members.