India

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

National Capital Territory of Delhi

Schedule:

Bombay – Jaipur – New Delhi

MSN:

20963

YOM:

1974

Flight number:

IC492

Location:

New Delhi-Indira Gandhi

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

102

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

6088

Circumstances:

Following a wrong approach configuration, the aircraft landed too far down the runway, about 600 metres from the runway end. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, struck a concrete wall (45 cm high) and came to rest 450 metres further. All 108 occupants were evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Probable cause:

The accident was the consequence of the combination of the following factors:
- The injudicious and imprudent decision of the Pilot-in-Command to hastily complete the flight in the inadequate time available before the notified closure of Delhi airport for a VVIP flight,
- The dangerously unstabilised approach made by the Pilot-in-Command, primarily due to his failure to decelerate the aircraft in time,
- The failure of the First Officer to call out significant deviations from the stipulated approach parameters,
- The failure of the Pilot-in-Command to carry out a missed approach in spite of his approach being grossly unstabilised,
- The inadvertent omission of the Pilot-in-Command to arm the speed brake before landing,
- Touch-down of the aircraft at excessive speed and too far down the runway,
- Failure of the First Officer and Pilot-in-Command to monitor the automatic deployment of the speed brake, and failure of the Pilot-in-Command to deploy it manually,
- Impact of the aircraft with an 18-inch high cement-concrete cable duct in the kutcha ground beyond the over-run area,
- The pilot disregard of procedures, regulations and instructions.

Final Report:

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 500RF in Baroda

Date & Time: Jul 1, 1995 at 0840 LT

Type of aircraft:

Fokker F27 Friendship

Operator:

Registration:

VT-EWE

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Training

Survivors:

Site:

Beechcraft 200 Super King Air

Schedule:

Baroda - Baroda

MSN:

10605

YOM:

1980

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

9360

Circumstances:

The aircraft was engaged in a training flight at Baroda airport. It was under the command of an examiner pilot with the trainee pilot on right hand seat. The first touch and go exercise was uneventful. During the second exercise, immediately on touchdown the left main landing gear failed at its shock strut outer cylinder and the inner cylinder with the main wheel assembly attached to it got liberated. The aircraft continued moving forward with the remaining portion of left shock strut contacting the runway followed by the left engine propellers and fuselage bottom and finally came to rest on the runway left side strip. There was no fire and no injury to persons on board the aircraft.

Probable cause:

The accident occurred during aircraft touchdown due to liberation of the sliding piston along with the wheels of the left main landing gear as a result of failure of the locking arrangement on the piston top end. Non-compliance by the operator of the Service Bulletin issued by the Manufacturer and Mandatory Modifications issued by the DGCA regarding piston-adapter and dowel pin lock fitment, is the Contributory Factor in the accident.

Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air near Sundar Nagar: 11 killed

Date & Time: Jul 9, 1994 at 0905 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

VT-EUJ

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Government

Survivors:

Site:

Mountains

Schedule:

Chandigarh – Kulu-Bhuntar

MSN:

BB-1456

YOM:

1993

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

7503

Captain / Total hours on type:

113.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

6412

Copilot / Total hours on type:

Aircraft flight hours:

153

Aircraft flight cycles:

186

Circumstances:

The twin engine aircraft departed Chandigarh Airport at 0850LT on a flight to Kulu-Bhuntar, carrying eight passengers and three crew members, among them Surendra Nath, Governor of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh along with his family members. While in cruising altitude, the crew encountered limited visibility due to cumulus when the aircraft struck trees and rocks and crashed on the slope of a mountain located in the Kamrunag Mountain Range, about 18,5 km southeast of Sundar Nagar, some 50 km south of Kulu-Bhuntar Airport. The aircraft was destroyed and all 11 occupants were killed.

Probable cause:

The accident was caused due to serious errors on the part of the flight crew by not strictly adhering to the VFR conditions for flight to Bhuntar Airfield. As a result, the aircraft after encountering cumulus clouds enroute, deviated from the pre-determined route and collided with the hilltop covered with clouds.
The contributed factors to the accident were:
- Existence of bad weather enroute with cumulus clouds in layers covering the hill tops;
- Pilots not conversant with the topography of the mountains in the region;
- Failure on the part of the flight crew not to refer and follow the maps of the region;
- Mental pressure on the pilot-in-command to complete the flight in time with a view to meet the subsequent flight commitments;
- Failure on the part of the copilot to bring out flight deviations to the notice of the commander,
- Disregard of procedures, regulations and instructions on part of the pilot,
- Operational decision.

Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 737-2R4C in New Delhi: 5 killed

Date & Time: Mar 8, 1994 at 1454 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 737-200

Operator:

Registration:

VT-SIA

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Training

Survivors:

Site:

National Capital Territory of Delhi

Schedule:

New Delhi - New Delhi

MSN:

21763

YOM:

1979

Location:

New Delhi-Indira Gandhi

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

7263

Captain / Total hours on type:

2821.00

Copilot / Total flying hours:

556

Copilot / Total hours on type:

166

Aircraft flight hours:

25947

Aircraft flight cycles:

2861

Circumstances:

The aircraft was engaged in a local training flight at New Delhi-Indira Gandhi Airport, carrying one instructor and three trainee pilots. Five circuits and landings were completed uneventfully and during the sixth touch-and-go exercice, after take off from runway 28, the aircraft took a left turn and crashed on the international apron. The aircraft collided with an Aeroflot Ilyushin II-86 registered RA-86119 that was parked on the apron, bay n°45. Both aircraft were destroyed by fire. All four crew members on board the Boeing 737 were killed as well as four people on board the II-86 and one on the ground.

Probable cause:

Loss of control after rotation due to application of wrong rudder by trainee pilot during engine failure exercice. The instructor did not guard/block the rudder control and give clear commands as instructor so as to obviate the application of wrong rudder control by the trainee pilot.

Final Report:

Crash of an Ilyushin II-86 in New Delhi: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 8, 1994 at 1200 LT

Type of aircraft:

Ilyushin II-86

Operator:

Registration:

RA-86119

Flight Phase:

Parking

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

National Capital Territory of Delhi

Schedule:

New Delhi - Tashkent - Moscow

MSN:

51483209087

YOM:

1985

Location:

New Delhi-Indira Gandhi

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Circumstances:

An Air Sahara (Sahara Airlines) boeing 737-2R4C registered VT-SIA was engaged in a local training flight at New Delhi-Indira Gandhi Airport, carrying one instructor and three trainee pilots. Five circuits and landings were completed uneventfully and during the sixth touch-and-go exercice, after take off from runway 28, the aircraft took a left turn and crashed on the international apron. The aircraft collided with an Aeroflot Ilyushin II-86 registered RA-86119 that was parked on the apron, bay n°45. Both aircraft were destroyed by fire. All four crew members on board the Boeing 737 were killed as well as four people on board the II-86 and one on the ground.

Probable cause:

Crash of an Airbus A300B2-101 near Tirupati

Date & Time: Nov 15, 1993 at 0925 LT

Type of aircraft:

Airbus A300

Operator:

Registration:

VT-EDV

Flight Phase:

Flight

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site:

Plain, Valley

Schedule:

Madras - Hyderabad

MSN:

034

YOM:

1976

Flight number:

IC440

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

250

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

17344

Circumstances:

Indian Airlines Airbus A-300 aircraft VT-EDV was operating scheduled flight IC-440 (Madras - Hyderabad sector) on 15.11.1993. There were a total of 262 persons were on board the aircraft including 247+3 passengers and 12 crew members. The aircraft could not land at Hyderabad due to low visibility and carried out a missed approach. After the missed approach, the aircraft reported "Flap Problem" and was holding overhead at Hyderabad during which the flight crew enquired visibility at nearby Air Force airfields which was also low. The aircraft then diverted to Madras. Due to flaps problem, the crew had to maintain low speed and low altitude as a result of which it experienced fuel shortage and sought permission from Madras control for landing at Tirupati. However, the aircraft could not reach even Tirupati airport and executed forced landing in an open paddy field about 14 nautical miles from Tirupati airport. The aircraft dragged on the soft paddy field before coming to final stop. There was no fire. Passenger evacuation was carried out by means of escape slides. All the persons on board escaped unhurt except four who received minor injuries.

Probable cause:

The probable cause of accident has been attributed to:
- The ill-conceived decision of the aircraft's Commander to divert to Madras, without ensuring that adequate fuel was available for reaching there, when he was faced with a flap-jam and poor
visibility at Hyderabad.
- The failure of the aircraft's Commander and his Flight Crew to monitor fuel consumption correctly, and the failure of the Commander to revise his decision accordingly, until it became impossible to reach any airfield.
- A forced landing due to the eventual shortage of fuel.

Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 208 Caravan I off Port Blair: 1 killed

Date & Time: Sep 6, 1993 at 1132 LT

Type of aircraft:

Cessna 208A Caravan

Operator:

Registration:

VT-AAN

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Site:

Lake, Sea, Ocean, River

Schedule:

Port Blair - Dugong Creek - Hut Bay - Port Blair

MSN:

208-0221

YOM:

1992

Location:

Port Blair

Country:

Region:

Beechcraft 300 Super King Air

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

6300

Circumstances:

Cessna 208 Caravan aircraft VT-AAN operated by Andaman and Nicobar Administration was engaged in a flight from Port Blair - Dugong Creek - Hut Bay - Port Blair. There were four persons on board the aircraft including pilot-in-command. The flight from Dugong Creek to Hut Bay was uneventful. The aircraft took-off from Hut Bay for Port Blair where it was intended to land on sea
adjacent to Viper Island. Soon after touchdown on seawater, the aircraft flipped over its nose and sank thereafter. Three persons including the pilot evacuated the aircraft. However, one person died due to drowning, as he remained strapped in his seat. The aircraft sustained substantial damage. There was no fire.

Probable cause:

The pilot failed to ensure that the landing gears are fully retracted before landing on water thereby causing the aircraft to flip on to its back as a result of abnormally high hydrodynamic drag generated on landing with landing gears remaining extended. Non-availability of the revised pilot's checklist, appropriate to the aircraft configuration and the practice adopted during conversion training of the pilot were the contributory factors.

Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft 300 Super King Air in Taloja: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jul 15, 1993 at 1155 LT

Type of aircraft:

Operator:

Registration:

VT-EQM

Flight Phase:

Flight Type:

Private

Survivors:

Site:

Plain, Valley

Schedule:

Ahmedabad - Mumbai

MSN:

FA-128

YOM:

1987

Location:

Country:

Region:

Crew on board:

Crew fatalities:

Pax on board:

Pax fatalities:

Other fatalities:

Total fatalities:

Captain / Total flying hours:

1505

Captain / Total hours on type:

28.00

Aircraft flight hours:

270

Circumstances:

The aircraft, belonging to National Remote Sensing Agency, Hyderabad, was operating a ferry flight from Ahmedabad to Bombay. There were four persons on board the aircraft including pilot-in-command. During approach to land at Bombay, contact with ATC was lost after the aircraft had reported its flight level 4,000 feet. The aircraft was found crashed on top of the hills at Taloja village located about 11 NM East of Bombay airports. All the four persons on board received fatal injuries. The aircraft was completely destroyed.

Probable cause:

The probable cause of accident has been attributed to:
- The commander of the aircraft having meager flying experience on type and limited instrument flying hours encountering instrument meteorological conditions descended below the ATC cleared height of 3,700 feet without intercepting the glide slope.
- The radar controller by not effectively monitoring the aircraft position after he had advised it to intercept the localizer contributed to the cause of the accident.
- The pilot failed to follow procedures, regulations and instructions.

Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 737-2A8 in Aurangabad: 55 killed

Date & Time: Apr 26, 1993 at 1306 LT

Type of aircraft:

Boeing 737-200

Operator:

Registration:

VT-ECQ

Flight Phase:

Takeoff (climb)

Flight Type:

Survivors:

Site: