Crash of a Learjet 35A in Morristown: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jul 26, 1988 at 0740 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N442NE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Allentown - Morristown
MSN:
35-442
YOM:
1981
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
4810
Captain / Total hours on type:
2100.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4274
Circumstances:
The crew was positioning the aircraft in preparation for a revenue flight and executing a non-directional beacon (NDB) approach to runway 05. The captain reported that the copilot was flying the aircraft. However, the captain stated that he took control of the aircraft during the approach and made some control corrections before returning control of the aircraft to the copilot. Radar data indicated that aircraft control was erratic throughout the approach and that the airspeed and descent rates were high (3,000 fpm sink rate) shortly before the accident. The aircraft struck a fence short of the runway and impacted the ground. The captain said he realized the aircraft was drifting left of course but did not correct it. He said he told the copilot to add power twice during the approach. The copilot's training history indicated difficulty in control, scan of instruments, and with instrument procedures. Company management described the captain as passive and the copilot as aggressive. Supervision of training and operations by management and surveillance of the company by the FAA was considered inadequate by NTSB.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of control - in flight
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (ifr)
Findings
1. (c) flight controls - improper use of - copilot/second pilot
2. Overconfidence in personal ability - copilot/second pilot
3. (f) inadequate recurrent training - copilot/second pilot
4. (f) inadequate surveillance of operation - faa (organization)
5. (f) airspeed - improper - copilot/second pilot
6. (f) proper descent rate - exceeded - copilot/second pilot
7. (c) supervision - inadequate - pilot in command
8. (f) interpersonal relations - pilot in command
9. Insufficient standards/requirements,airman - company/operator mgmt
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Occurrence #2: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: approach - faf/outer marker to threshold (ifr)
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 25B in Wilmington

Date & Time: Aug 17, 1983 at 0724 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N108PA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Wilmington - Danville
MSN:
25-195
YOM:
1975
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4304
Captain / Total hours on type:
1420.00
Aircraft flight hours:
4758
Circumstances:
After lift-off a flock of birds approached from left to right at about 400 feet. The pilot maneuvered the aircraft behind and above the birds in an attempt to avoid them. Both engines flamed out and the aircraft made a forced landing on a road. Ground witnesses described the climbout as '...very steep...' and '...a steep angle, between 40° 45°.' There was some bird residue on the engines. Both pilots escaped uninjured.
Probable cause:
Occurrence #1: loss of engine power (total) - non mechanical
Phase of operation: takeoff - initial climb
Findings
1. (f) maneuver - performed - pilot in command
2. (c) aircraft performance, climb capability - exceeded
3. (c) aircraft handling - improper - pilot in command
----------
Occurrence #2: forced landing
Phase of operation: maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)
Findings
4. (f) aircraft performance, two or more engines - inoperative
----------
Occurrence #3: in flight collision with object
Phase of operation: maneuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)
Findings
5. Object - bird(s)
----------
Occurrence #4: in flight collision with terrain/water
Phase of operation: landing - flare/touchdown
----------
Occurrence #5: main gear collapsed
Phase of operation: landing - roll
Findings
6. Landing gear, main gear - overload
Final Report:

Crash of a Learjet 25D into the Gulf of Mexico: 2 killed

Date & Time: May 19, 1980 at 1205 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N125NE
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
West Palm Beach - New Orleans
MSN:
25-271
YOM:
1979
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Captain / Total flying hours:
15740
Captain / Total hours on type:
6062.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
4116
Copilot / Total hours on type:
65
Aircraft flight hours:
1200
Circumstances:
The aircraft crashed into the Gulf of Mexico while en route to New Orleans, Louisiana, from West Palm Beach, Florida. Only the pilot and copilot were on board the aircraft. About 2 1/2 minutes after the aircraft was reported at Flight Level 430 in the vicinity of the Covia Intersection on Airway J58, the Jacksonville, Florida, Air Route Traffic Control Center received an unusual staccato sound transmission over the frequency, followed 18 seconds later by a report from the copilot, "Can't get it up...it's in a spin..." About 33 seconds after the first staccato sounds, radio and radar contact with N125NE was lost about 104 miles west of Sarasota, Florida. Floating debris were located by a search aircraft and later recovered; the flightcrew was not found. There were no known witnesses to the crash.
Probable cause:
An unexpected encounter with moderate to severe clear air turbulence, the flightcrew's improper response to the encounter, and the aircraft's marginal controllability characteristics when flown at and beyond the boundary of its high altitude speed envelope, all of which resulted in the aircraft exceeding its Mach limits and a progressive loss of control from which recovery was not possible. Contributing to the accident was the disconnection of the Mach overspeed warning horn with an unauthorized cut-out switch which resulted in the absence of an overspeed warning that probably delayed the crew's response to the turbulence encounter, and the insonsistencies in aircraft flight manuals and flightcrew training programs regarding the use of spoilers to regain control.
Final Report: