Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2 near Syktyvkar: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 23, 1977 at 1330 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-92841
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Timsher – Ust-Kulom – Syktyvkar
MSN:
1G52-33
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
SU384
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
12589
Aircraft flight cycles:
20460
Circumstances:
The single engine airplane departed Ust-Kulom Airport at 1228LT bound for Syktyvkar with seven passengers and a crew of two on board, accompanied by a second Aeroflot AN-2 (CCCP-98382) that left at the same time. En route, weather conditions worsened and both crew lost visual contact with each other. Approaching Syktyvkar, the crew was informed about the deterioration of the weather with a limited visibility of 1,500 - 2,500 meters in snow. Few radios communications issues occurred and while descending at a height of 150 meters and making a right turn, the pilot saw the second AN-2 and made a sharp turn to avoid collision when control was lost. The airplane crashed on the icy Vychegda River, about 13 km from the Syktyvkar main Station. While the aircraft was destroyed, all nine occupants were injured. About four days later, one of the passengers died from his injuries.
Probable cause:
The main cause of the accident was the dangerous convergence of the aircraft due to the extremely irresponsible attitude of the management and dispatching personnel of the Syktyvkar ATC service to fulfill published procedures related to the organization and the control of the aircraft in deteriorated weather conditions.

Crash of a PZL-Mielec AN-2TP in Chokurdakh: 1 killed

Date & Time: Mar 6, 1977 at 1530 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-40572
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
1G84-25
YOM:
1967
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
7735
Aircraft flight cycles:
7673
Circumstances:
In the morning, the crew completed two flights in the area. Due to engine problems, a technician was asked to make some engine test run. While the aircraft was parked on the ground, a technician proceeded to an engine test but forgot to install chocks on wheels. After the engine was started, power was added. The pilot who was standing by the door fell out of the plane that started to roll. After takeoff, the airplane climbed to a height of 12 meters, made a sharp turn to the left, stalled and crashed upside down. The technician, sole on board, was killed. It was determined that when the airplane started to roll quite roughly, the technician fell down from the pilot seat. Then, after liftoff, the cargo shifted to the rear of the cabin, causing the aircraft to stall.
Probable cause:
The technician in charge to proceed to an engine test started the engine and added full power without preparing the airplane properly and installing chocks on wheels prior to the test. The aircraft then moved roughly and became uncontrollable.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18V in Mineralnye Vody: 77 killed

Date & Time: Feb 15, 1977 at 2317 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-75520
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Tashkent - Nukus - Mineralnye Vody
MSN:
183 0067 03
YOM:
1963
Flight number:
SU5003
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
92
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
77
Aircraft flight hours:
29443
Aircraft flight cycles:
10817
Circumstances:
On final approach to Mineralnye Vody Airport by night, the crew encountered poor weather conditions. At a speed of 290 km/h, flaps were deployed at an angle of 30°, causing the airspeed to drop to 260 km/h. At a distance of 1,500 metres from the runway threshold, the captain decided to initiate a go-around as he was unable to establish a visual contact with the runway. During initial climb, at an altitude of about 90 metres, the airplane entered a right turn then rolled to the right at an angle of 15-30° and adopted a critical angle of attack of 15-18°. The tail stall and the airplane crashed in flames 2 km south of the airport. A crew member and 76 passengers were killed while 21 other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Failure of the crew to adopt a proper go-around configuration after a missed approach. The loss of control during initial climb was the result of a premature raise of the flaps, which caused the aircraft to reach a critical angle of attack and to stall.

Crash of a Antonov AN-12BK-PPS near Kresttsy: 8 killed

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1977
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Šiauliai - Šiauliai
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
The AN-12 departed Šiauliai Airport with two other AN-12 to take part to a training program, consisting of SU-11 fighter interception. While cruising at an altitude of 6,350 metres, the AN-12 collided under unknown circumstances with a SU-11. Both aircraft went out of control, entered a dive and crashed near Kresttsy. All eight crew members on board the AN-12 were killed as well as the SU-11's pilot.

Crash of an Antonov AN-22A near Seshcha AFB: 7 killed

Date & Time: Dec 22, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-09318
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Seshcha - Seshcha
MSN:
03340501
YOM:
1973
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Circumstances:
The crew was conducting a test flight out from Seshcha AFB, Bryansk oblast. While cruising at an altitude of 6,000 metres, the crew initiated a turn with max rudder deflection when the airplane adopted a high angle of attack and control was lost. The airplane entered a dive, partially disintegrated in the air and eventually crashed in a field located about 20 km from the airbase. All seven crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control caused by an inadequate rudder positioning in flight on part of the crew.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-14RR near Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: 9 killed

Date & Time: Dec 18, 1976 at 1656 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-61752
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Schedule:
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
MSN:
1470 012 47
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
9
Aircraft flight hours:
6627
Aircraft flight cycles:
4927
Circumstances:
While approaching Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Airport by night on a survey flight from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the crew encountered limited visibility and marginal weather conditions. At an altitude of 850 metres, the twin engine airplane struck the slope of Mt Ostraya (910 metres high) located 12,5 km from the airport. The wreckage was found three days later. Two passengers (two hydrologists) were found alive while nine other occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
A succession of errors on part of the crew led the aircraft following a wrong track on approach to Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Airport. The lack of visibility and poor weather conditions were considered as contributing factors.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Ust-Kut: 7 killed

Date & Time: Dec 17, 1976 at 1940 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-88208
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Ust-Kut - Kirensk
MSN:
9 63 13 49
YOM:
1976
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Aircraft flight hours:
327
Aircraft flight cycles:
348
Circumstances:
The aircraft was engaged in a cargo flight from Ust-Kut to Kirensk, carrying a crew of three, two technicians of the company and two people in charge of the 1,200 kg of cargo. The crew failed to prepare the flight properly, expedited taxi and departure. The airplane took off from runway 30 at a speed of 155 km/h and with an angle of attack of 15°. After rotation, while in initial climb at a height of 120 metres at a speed of 210 km/h, the pilot raised the flaps when the airplane lost height and descended until it struck trees and crashed in flames 1,500 metres past the runway end. The copilot was seriously injured while all six other occupants were killed. Few hours later, the copilot died from his injuries.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew precipitated the takeoff procedure and failed to follow the pre-departure checklist. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Poor flight preparation,
- The cabin was not heated prior to departure,
- The left altimeter was erroneously set with a value 10 mm Hg higher than prescribed (wrong altimeter setting),
- Stabilizers were set at -6° instead of the required -3,6° angle,
- The rotation was completed prematurely,
- During initial climb, flaps were raised at a speed of 210-220 km/h, 20 km/h below the speed mentioned in the Flight Manual,
- Lack of visibility,
- Lack of ground visual references.

Crash of a Yakovlev Yak-40 in Armavir

Date & Time: Dec 7, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-87756
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Dnipropetrovsk - Mineralnye Vody
MSN:
9 02 01 12
YOM:
1970
Flight number:
SU929N
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
25
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
11272
Captain / Total hours on type:
2257.00
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Dnepropetrovsk, the crew started the approach to Mineralnye Vody Airport at dusk. Unable to distinguish the runway, the captain decided to initiate a go-around. He elected to divert to Stavropol Airport but ATC informed him that the visibility was 300 metres only (although it was in fact 700 metres which would have allowed a safe landing). The captain attempted a second approach to Mineralnye Vody but was forced to initiate a second go-around manoeuvre. This time, he decided to divert to Armavir Airport when on final, all three engines failed simultaneously due to fuel exhaustion. The captain completed an emergency landing in an orchard located 1,745 metres short of runway threshold. All 29 occupants escaped unhurt while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Failure of all three engines on final approach to Armavir Airport due to fuel exhaustion. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Poor flight planning on part of the crew who departed Dnepropetrovsk Airport with an insufficient quantity of fuel (taking into consideration two missed approach and a divert to Armavir),
- Inaccurate information provided by ATC concerning the visibility at Stavropol Airport which was not 300 metres but 700 metres and would allow the crew to land safely.

Crash of a Tupolev TU-104B in Klushino: 73 killed

Date & Time: Nov 28, 1976 at 1856 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-42471
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Moscow - Leningrad
MSN:
0 2 12 04
YOM:
1960
Flight number:
SU2415
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
67
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
73
Aircraft flight hours:
22199
Aircraft flight cycles:
13336
Circumstances:
Following a normal takeoff roll on runway 24R, the airplane lifted off at a speed of 290 km/h with the copilot at controls. At this time, the visibility was poor due to the night and marginal weather conditions. Less than a minute later, while climbing, the airplane rolled to the right to an angle of 60-70° then the airspeed increased to 580 km/h. The captain took over control when the airplane initiated an uncontrolled descent and crashed at a speed of 620 km/h in a huge explosion near the village of Klushino, about 10 km northwest of the airport, three minutes after takeoff. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 73 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of control during initial climb after the crew suffered a spatial disorientation in poor visibility due to the failure of the artificial horizon. This may be caused by the failure of the 36 volts electrical system.

Crash of an Antonov AN-2T near Khoyto-Gol

Date & Time: Oct 2, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
CCCP-01226
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
MSN:
1 81 473 04
YOM:
1957
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew deviated from the prescribed flight path when the single engine aircraft crash landed on the slope of a mountain located 30 km northwest of Khoyto-Gol. There were no casualties but the aircraft was written off.