Crash of an Avro 748-2A-234 in Waskaganish

Date & Time: Dec 3, 1988
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C-GQSV
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1618
YOM:
1968
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While approaching Waskaganish Airport, the crew encountered bad weather conditions and due to poor visibility, the captain initiated a go-around. During the next minutes, three other attempts to land were abandoned. During the fifth attempt to land, the aircraft descended too low and crashed short of runway 06 threshold. All three crew members were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of an Avro 748-2B-FAA in Cheney: 2 killed

Date & Time: Sep 15, 1988 at 1019 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C-GFFA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Montreal - Ottawa
MSN:
1789
YOM:
1981
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
A BAe-748 cargo plane was destroyed when it crashed while on approach to Ottawa International Airport, ON (YOW), Canada. Both pilots were killed. The airplane had arrived at Montreal-Dorval International Airport, QC (YUL) following a cargo flight from Dayton, OH, USA. All the cargo was unloaded in Montreal and the aircraft departed at 09:58 for Ottawa on an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan. The en route phase of the flight were uneventful. At about 10:19, while the aircraft was in level cruise flight at 3000 feet at approximately 200 knots indicated airspeed (KIAS), the flight data recorder (FDR) recorded a full-up deflection of the left aileron and a full-down deflection of the right aileron, and the aircraft began a roll to the left at a high rate. The right aileron remained at the fully-deflected position for a period of three seconds, and then, over the next seven seconds, the deflection gradually decreased by about five degrees. During the same 10-second period, the left aileron remained nearly fully deflected for the first eight seconds, then the deflection decreased by about five degrees during the next two seconds. By this time, the aircraft had rolled through approximately 460 degrees, and the aircraft nose had dropped 20 to 30 degrees below the horizon. At this point, the ailerons suddenly returned to about the neutral position and remained there for the last three seconds of the flight. The aircraft bank angle remained at approximately 90 degrees of left bank with a maximum vertical g of 4.7 recorded. The aircraft struck the ground at an airspeed of approximately 290 KIAS after a heading change of about 75 degrees left of the cruise heading. At impact, the aircraft bank angle was nearly 90 degrees left and the pitch angle was 41 degrees down. The time from the initial aileron deflection to ground impact was approximately 18 seconds.
Probable cause:
The Board determined that the aileron control system was asymmetrically rigged, making it susceptible to aerodynamic overbalance. The operator did not conduct the required post-maintenance flight tests of the aileron control response. When the ailerons were held at full deflection by aerodynamic forces, following a large control-wheel input by the pilot, the subsequent control reaction by the pilot was inappropriate. Contributing to the accident were the design of the aileron system; ambiguous and incomplete maintenance instructions; a lack of published information for flight crew concerning aileron system performance and possible emergencies; and the presence of factors which may have led to the development of flight crew fatigue.

Crash of an Avro 748-243-2A in Udon Thani

Date & Time: Dec 7, 1987
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HS-THH
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1707
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After landing, the aircraft was unable to stop within the remaining distance, overran and came to rest. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of an Avro 748-209-2A near Baguio: 50 killed

Date & Time: Jun 26, 1987 at 1103 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
RP-C1015
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Manila - Baguio
MSN:
1637
YOM:
1967
Flight number:
PR206
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
46
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
50
Circumstances:
On approach to Baguio-Loakan Airport, the crew encountered poor weather conditions with low ceiling, thunderstorm activity and heavy rain falls. In low visibility, the aircraft struck the slope of Mt Ugo (2,100 meters high) located 19 km southeast of the airport. The wreckage was found 80 meters below the summit, near the Ambuklao Dam. All 50 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of an Avro 748-285-2A in Quito

Date & Time: Jun 23, 1987 at 1227 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HC-BAZ
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1738
YOM:
1975
Country:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
34
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
After landing at Mariscal Sucre Airport, the crew encountered technical problems and the aircraft was unable to stop within the remaining distance. It overran and came to rest few dozen meters further. All 38 occupants were evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair and later transferred to the Museum of the Ecuadorian Air Force in Quito.
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of the failure of the electrical system.

Crash of an Avro 748-243-2 in Chiang Rai

Date & Time: Apr 28, 1987 at 1005 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HS-THI
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Chiang Mai - Chiang Rai
MSN:
1708
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
39
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Chiang Mai, the crew initiated the approach to Chiang Rai Airport in good weather conditions. The copilot was the pilot-in-command when the aircraft completed a gear up landing. It slid on runway for about 1,075 meters before coming to rest on the runway. All 43 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew failed to extend the landing gear on approach. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The crew failed to follow the approach checklist,
- Lack of crew coordination,
- The captain failed to supervise properly the copilot's actions.

Crash of an Avro 748-314-2A-LFD in Mbeya: 4 killed

Date & Time: Jul 1, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
JW9009
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
MSN:
1752
YOM:
1977
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Mbeya Airport, the twin engine aircraft encountered difficulties to gain height. It struck trees located just past the runway end, stalled and crashed. All four occupants were killed.

Crash of an Avro 748-FAA-2A near Pinckneyville: 10 killed

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1983 at 2053 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N748LL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Chicago - Springfield - Carbondale
MSN:
1716
YOM:
1972
Flight number:
UX710
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
7
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Captain / Total flying hours:
5891
Captain / Total hours on type:
3170.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5119
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1746
Aircraft flight hours:
21182
Aircraft flight cycles:
32350
Circumstances:
Flight 710 departed Chicago, IL for a flight to Carbondale, IL via Springfield, IL. The flight was about 45 minutes behind schedule when it arrived at Springfield, about 20:05. At 20:11, the flightcrew were provided with the latest Carbondale weather: ceiling and visibility were 2,000 feet overcast and 2 miles, respectively, with light rain and fog. The crew then requested its IFR clearance, with 5,000 feet for its en route altitude. At 20:16, Flight 710 was cleared to taxi to runway 15 for takeoff. The aircraft took off at 20:20 and climbed to cruising altitude. At 20:21:34, Flight 710 informed the departure controller that it had experienced a "slight electrical problem..." and that it would keep the controller "advised." The flight then requested and was cleared to maintain 3,000 feet. At 20:23:54, the first officer told the captain that "the left (generator) is totally dead, the right (generator) is putting out voltage but I can't get a load on it." At 20:24:26, the first officer reported, "zero voltage and amps (amperes) on the left side, the right (generator) is putting out twenty-seven and a half (volts) but I can't get it to come on the line." The battery voltage further dropped to 22 volts. The crew a.o. shut off excess cabin lights because of the electrical problem. About 20:38, the first officer mistakenly isolated the right generator and right generator bus bar from the aircraft's dc electrical distribution system. Radio contact was lost when the flight was requested to change radio frequencies. At 20:52 the captain decided to descend to 2,400 feet and the voltage had further dropped to 13 volts. The aircraft continued to descend and struck the ground in an open pasture area.
Probable cause:
The captain's decision to continue the flight toward the more distant destination airport after the loss of d.c. electrical power from both aircraft generators instead of returning to the nearby departure airport. The captain's decision was adversely affected by self-imposed psychological factors which led him to assess inadequately the aircraft's battery endurance after the loss of generator power and the magnitude of the risks involved in continuing to the destination airport. Contributing to the accident was the airline management's failure to provide and the FAA's failure to assure an adequate company recurrent flight crew training programme which contributed to the captain's inability to assess properly the battery endurance of the aircraft before making the decision to continue, and led to the inability of the captain and the first officer to cope promptly and correctly with the aircraft's electrical malfunction."
Patricia A. Goldman, Vice Chairman, filed the following concurring/dissenting statement:
"While the accident report correctly identifies training and surveillance, I believe that inclusion of these items in the probable cause statement obscures and detracts from the basic reason the accident occurred and the attendant safety lesson. The pilot should never have continued the flight to the destination airport, but should have returned to the nearby airport on realizing that electrical d.c. power had been lost."
Final Report:

Crash of an Avro 748-260-2A in Pasto

Date & Time: Aug 7, 1983
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
FAC-1104
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
1705
YOM:
1971
Flight number:
NSE104
Country:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
16
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances upon landing at Pasto-Antonio Nariño Airport. All 21 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of an Avro 748-263-2A in Kasaba Bay

Date & Time: Jul 4, 1983
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
9J-ADM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Kasaba Bay - Lusaka
MSN:
1706
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
42
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll at Kasaba Bay Airport, the left engine suffered unknown problems. The captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and initiated an emergency braking maneuver. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran and came to a stop. All 46 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.