Crash of a Boeing 737-89P near Wuzhou: 132 killed

Date & Time: Mar 21, 2022 at 1422 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-1791
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Kunming - Guangzhou
MSN:
41474/5433
YOM:
2015
Flight number:
MU5735
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
123
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
132
Captain / Total flying hours:
6709
Copilot / Total flying hours:
31769
Aircraft flight hours:
18239
Aircraft flight cycles:
8986
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Kunming-Wujiaba Airport at 1315LT on a schedule service (flight MU5735) to Guangzhou, carrying 123 passengers and a crew of nine. At 1420LT, while cruising at an altitude of 29,100 feet, the aircraft entered an uncontrolled descent until 7,400 feet then climbed to 8,600 feet. It finally entered a steep descent and crashed almost two minutes later in a vertical attitude on hilly and wooded terrain located some 20 km southwest of Wuzhou. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 132 occupants were killed. Two days after the accident, the CVR was found while the DFDR was found on March 27.

Crash of an Airbus A330-321 in Bangkok

Date & Time: Sep 8, 2013 at 2326 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HS-TEF
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Guangzhou – Bangkok
MSN:
066
YOM:
1995
Flight number:
TG679
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
14
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
288
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
10548
Captain / Total hours on type:
3270.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2498
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2277
Aircraft flight hours:
55032
Circumstances:
On 8 September 2013 at 13:25 UTC, the pilot and the co-pilot operated the Airbus A330-321 aircraft of Thai Airways International Public Company Limited (Thai Airways), nationality and registration mark HS-TEF, flight number TG 679, with 12 cabin crew and 288 passengers in total 302 persons, departed from Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport, People’s Republic of China to Suvarnabhumi Airport, Thailand. At approximately 16:26 UTC, while landing on runway 19L at Suvarnabhumi Airport, two main landing gears and the nose landing gear touched down on the runway at approximately 440 metres from the runway threshold. After the aircraft continued rolling on the runway for another 760 metres, the right main landing gear (RH MLG) bogie beam broke. The aircraft then collapsed on the right and veered off the right side of the runway centre line. The pilot attempted to control the aircraft to be on the runway, however, the aircraft continued veering to the right. The damaged RH MLG bogie beam scraped the runway surface and made two 365-metre-long deep grooves on the runway, along the aircraft movement. The aircraft, at that time, veered off the runway edge between taxiways B5 and B8 into the runway strip for 100 metres before it came to stop. The Air Traffic Controller (ATC), who was monitoring this aircraft, saw fire sparked from the aircraft while it was leaving the runway. The ATC then notified the Rescue and Fire Fighting Service of Suvarnabhumi Airport to provide assistance. After the aircraft had completely stopped, both pilots heard and saw the right engine fire warning. At that time, they received message from the ATC that the Rescue and Fire Fighting Service was approaching the aircraft and the fire spark was seen but its exact location could not be identified. During the passenger evacuation, the pilot ordered the co-pilot and the crew members to follow the On Ground Emergency Evacuation procedure. The co-pilot and the pilot were the last group who left the aircraft. At the same time, the Rescue and Fire Fighting Service reached the aircraft, contained the fire and assisted in evacuating all the crew and passengers from the aircraft to the designated area in the passenger terminal building according to the Airport Emergency Plan. The aircraft was destroyed. 15 passengers suffered minor injuries.
Probable cause:
This accident caused by the fragmentation of the RH MLG bogie beam, made the aircraft veered off the runway. The aircraft fuselage and both engines were damaged, the right engine was on fire. However, the cause of damaged MLG bogie beam could not be found due to the cracks were damaged while the aircraft was scraping the runway surface.
Contributing Factors:
- Errors occurred during the overhaul of the RH MLG bogie beam.
- Errors occurred during the inspection of the RH MLG bogie beam pivot pin bore.
- Errors occurred during the repetitive inspection of the RH MLG bogie beam internal surfaces, as per the EASA AD No. 2007-0314R1, issued on 31 January 2008, the EASA AD No. 2008-0093, issued on 20 May 2008, the EASA AD No. 2011-0141, issued on 25 July 2011 and the EASA AD No. 2012-0015, issued on 23 January 2012, due to misinterpretation.
- The DCA has the power to regulate the six-monthly maintenance report form, as prescribed in Section 41/80 (2) of the Air Navigation Act B.E.2497. However, the maintenance review checklist did not specify what items had been performed, only a clause mentioned that the maintenance had been completed. The air operator then had no guidance to create maintenance list of items that had completely and correctly been performed.
- The content in the EASA ADs firstly states that unless already accomplished or required as indicated, unless accomplished previously which might cause confusion among the operators.
- Airbus S.A.S has the data on which MLG bogie beam had the internal surfaces inspection done before the designated time frame prescribed in new ADs. However, the company did not notify those air operators.
Final Report:

Crash of a Boeing 737-3Y0 in Zhanjiang

Date & Time: Jun 9, 1999 at 1715 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-2525
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Shantou - Guangzhou - Zhanjiang
MSN:
24918
YOM:
1991
Flight number:
CZ8877
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
81
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The approach to Zhanjiang Airport was completed in poor weather conditions with thunderstorm activity, heavy rain falls and strong winds. Following a wrong approach configuration, the aircraft passed over the runway threshold at a too high altitude of 400 metres. The pilot-in-command increased the rate of descent when the aircraft landed hard and bounced. It floated for about 330 metres then landed 15 metres to the right of the runway. Out of control, it lost its undercarriage and came to rest few dozen metres further. All 90 occupants were rescued, among them six passengers were injured.
Probable cause:
Loss of control upon landing following a wrong approach configuration. The following contributing factors were identified:
- Poor approach planning,
- Poor crew coordination,
- The crew failed to follow the approach checklist,
- The crew failed to set the correct QNH on approach,
- The aircraft was too high on approach,
- Poor weather conditions,
- The crew failed to initiate a go-around procedure.

Crash of a Boeing 737-3Y0 near Guilin: 141 killed

Date & Time: Nov 24, 1992 at 0752 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-2523
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Guangzhou - Guilin
MSN:
24913
YOM:
1991
Flight number:
CZ3943
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
131
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
141
Aircraft flight hours:
4165
Aircraft flight cycles:
3153
Circumstances:
At a distance of 40 km from the airport, at an altitude of 7,800 feet, the crew was cleared to make a visual approach and to descent to 7,000 feet. Three minutes later, the aircraft went out of control and crashed on a mountain slope (1'600 metres high) located 27 km south from runway 36. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all 141 occupants were killed. It was reported that the captain attempted to level off the plane by raising its nose. The autothrottle responded by advancing the throttles. The n°2 power lever however remained at idle. The crew apparently did not notice this. With the right engine at idle, the autothrottle further advanced the left engine power lever in order to obtain the correct airspeed. The asymmetrical power condition was not corrected and the airplane rolled to the right and crashed.

Ground accident of a Boeing 757-21B in Guangzhou: 46 killed

Date & Time: Oct 2, 1990 at 0904 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-2812
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Guangzhou - Shanghai
MSN:
24758
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
CZ2812
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
106
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
46
Circumstances:
While parked at Guangzhou Airport, ready for flight CZ2812 to Shanghai-Hongqiao, Airport, the aircraft was struck by a Xiamen Airlines B737 that crashed upon landing after being hijacked. 46 passengers were killed and all other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Struck by a B737 that crashed upon landing after being hijacked.

Ground accident of a Boeing 707-3J6B in Guangzhou: 1 killed

Date & Time: Oct 2, 1990 at 0904 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-2402
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Guangzhou - Chengdu
MSN:
20714
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
SZ2402
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
122
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Circumstances:
While parked at Guangzhou-Baiyun Airport, ready for taxi, the B707 was struck by a Boeing 737-327 operated by Xiamen Airlines that crashed upon landing after being hijacked. The B737 struck the cockpit of the B707, killing one of the crew member. All 130 other occupants were evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Boeing 737-247 in Guangzhou: 83 killed

Date & Time: Oct 2, 1990 at 0904 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-2510
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Xiamen - Guangzhou
MSN:
23189
YOM:
1984
Flight number:
MF8301
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
93
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
83
Circumstances:
En route from Xiamen to Guangzhou, the aircraft was hijacked by a young man who wanted to fly to Taiwan. He took the place of the copilot who left the cockpit and continued the flight with the captain. On short final to Guangzhou-Baiyun Airport, the hijacker realized he was not in Taiwan and started to fight with the captain who lost control of the airplane. Upon touchdown, the B737 veered off runway to the right at high speed, rolled through the apron, struck the cockpit of a parked B707 operated by China Southwest Airlines (registered B-2402), rolled over a truck and eventually collided with a parked B757 operated by China Southern Airlines (registered B-2812). All three aircraft were destroyed and 130 people were killed, 82 on board the B737, one pilot on board the B707, one driver on the ground and 46 passengers on board the B757.
Probable cause:
Loss of control upon landing after being hijacked.

Crash of a Hawker-Siddeley HS.121 Trident 2E in Hong Kong: 7 killed

Date & Time: Aug 31, 1988 at 0919 LT
Operator:
Registration:
B-2218
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Guangzhou - Hong Kong
MSN:
2159
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
CA301
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
78
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
7
Aircraft flight hours:
14332
Circumstances:
A Hawker Siddeley HS-121 Trident 2E passenger jet, registered B-2218, was damaged beyond repair in a landing accident at Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong. There were 78 passengers and seven crew members crew members on board. The airplane operated on CAAC flight 301 from Guangzhou-Baiyun Airport (CAN) to Hong Kong-Kai Tak International Airport (HKG). As the aircraft neared runway 31 the right outboard trailing edge wing flap struck the innermost approach light and the right main landing gear tyres hit the facing edge of the runway promontory. The right main gear was torn from the wing. The aircraft became airborne again and next contacted the ground 600 metres down the runway. It then veered off the runway to the right, yawed to the right and slid diagonally sideways across the grassed runway strip. The nosewheel and left main gear collapsed, and the aircraft continued until it crossed the parallel taxiway and slid sideways over the edge of the promontory into Kowloon Bay. The aircraft came to rest in the water with the rear extremity of the fuselage supported on a ledge of stone blocks that jutted out from the promontory. Part of the forward fuselage, including the flight compartment, was partially detached from the remainder of the fuselage and hung down at a steep angle into the water from control cables and secondary structure. A fire started in the centre engine intake duct. Weather at the time of the accident was poor including rain and fog with 450 m visibility. Seven occupants, six crew members and one passengers, were killed.
Probable cause:
There was insufficient evidence to determine the cause of the accident. It appears probable that, having converted to visual references at some point prior to Decision Height, the commander elected to continue the approach despite the fact that heavy rain had caused a sudden marked deterioration in the visual references in the final stages. There was no conclusive evidence that the aircraft encountered significant windshear on the approach, but given the meteorological conditions that existed at the time it cannot be ruled out, and therefore windshear may have been a contributory factor in destabilising the approach.

Crash of a Beechcraft 200 Super King Air in Guangzhou: 8 killed

Date & Time: Apr 4, 1983
Operator:
Registration:
F-BVRP
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Guangzhou - Hong Kong
MSN:
BB-38
YOM:
1975
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Circumstances:
Four minutes after takeoff from Guangzhou-Baiyun Airport, while climbing, the twin engine airplane went out of control and crashed few km from the airport. All eight occupants were killed, five French citizens and three Chinese.

Crash of an Ilyushin II-18B in Guangzhou: 25 killed

Date & Time: Dec 24, 1982 at 1710 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-202
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lanzhou – Xi’an – Changsha – Guangzhou
MSN:
189 0014 01
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
CA2311
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
58
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
25
Circumstances:
On approach to Guangzhou-Baiyun Airport, smoke spread in the cabin and a fire erupted. The cabin crew attempted to extinguish the fire but without success. Oxygen masks were deployed and the pilot-in-command was able to continue the approach and to land. After touchdown, the four engine airplane was stopped as quick as possible and rescue teams were able to evacuate 44 people, some of them wounded. 25 passengers died by asphyxia. The aircraft was partially destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
It is believed that the fire was the consequence of a passenger that throw his cigarette near an oxygen tank located in the rear of the cabin.