Zone

Crash of an Embraer ER-145LI in Shanghai

Date & Time: Jun 7, 2013 at 1725 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-3052
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Huai’an – Shanghai
MSN:
145-905
YOM:
2006
Flight number:
MU2947
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
44
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Huai'an-Lianshui Airport, the crew initiated the approach to Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport in marginal weather conditions with light rain showers. After touchdown ont runway 18L, the crew started the braking procedure when the aircraft deviated to the left and veered off runway. While contacting soft ground, the nose gear collapsed and the aircraft slid for few dozen metres before coming to rest. All 49 occupants evacuated safely and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The cause of the runway excursion was foreign object debris inside the electrohydraulic servo valve (EHSV) that blocked a hydraulic port and caused an uncommanded nose wheel deflection to the left. Prior to the disassembly of the EHSV and discovery of the debris the unit had passed an acceptance test as performed on any newly manufactured unit. The NTSB reported that a number of pilots use binder brackets instead of the chart holders installed by Embraer to hold their binders (containing charts) etc., these binder brackets not having been approved by Embraer. The binder is directly above the nosewheel steering tiller, the NTSB wrote: "The NTSB is concerned that a binder being held by an unapproved bracket may become dislodged, fall, and strike the tiller, engaging the nosewheel steering system and possibly providing a nosewheel steering input. If this happens during the landing roll, the nosewheel steering input could cause a runway excursion." The NTSB therefore recommended to study and revise the acceptance tests and to issue an operational bulletin to inform flight crew that the use of binder brackets is not approved and could create a hazardous situation if the binder becomes dislodged.

Crash of a Canadair RegionalJet CRJ-200LR in Baotou: 55 killed

Date & Time: Nov 21, 2004 at 0820 LT
Operator:
Registration:
B-3072
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Baotou – Shanghai
MSN:
7697
YOM:
2002
Flight number:
CYH5210
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
47
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
55
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from runway 13 at Baotou Airport, while in initial climb, the aircraft encountered difficulties to maintain a positive rate of climb. It stalled, collided with a small house and eventually crashed in the icy lake of the Nanhai Park. The wreckage was found about 2 km from the airport and all 53 occupants were killed as well as two people in the house.
Probable cause:
Loss of lift and subsequent stall after takeoff due to an excessive accumulation of ice and frost on wings, tail and fuselage. It was determined that the aircraft remained parked outside, on the ramp, all preceding night by negative temperature and that the crew failed to deice the airplane prior to takeoff.

Crash of a McDonnell Douglas MD-11F in Subic Bay

Date & Time: Oct 17, 1999 at 2357 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N581FE
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Shanghai – Subic Bay
MSN:
48419
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
FDX087
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
14000
Captain / Total hours on type:
1430.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5700
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2300
Aircraft flight hours:
30278
Aircraft flight cycles:
5817
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport at 2116LT on a cargo flight to Subic Bay with a load of electronics and garments. Weather conditions at Subic Bay Airport was at follow: scattered at 1,800 feet and 7,000 feet, light rain, wind calm and visibility six km. At 2315LT, the aircraft landed on runway 07 (2,400 metres long). Unable to stop within the remaining distance (the runway was wet), the aircraft overran and plunged in the Subic Bay. Both pilots were injured and the aircraft was totally destroyed.
Probable cause:
The failure of the flight crew to properly address an erroneous airspeed indication during descent and landing, their failure to verify and select the correct airspeed by checking the standby airspeed indicator, and their failure to execute a missed approach. These failures led to an excessive approach and landing speed that resulted in a runway overshoot. Contributing factors to the accident were clogged pitot tube drain holes, the MD-11's insufficient alerting system for airspeed anomalies, and the failure of the SEL ELEV FEEL MAN and SEL FLAP LIM OVR D checklists to refer the crew to the standby airspeed indicator.
Final Report:

Crash of a McDonnell Douglas MD-11F in Shanghai: 8 killed

Date & Time: Apr 15, 1999 at 1604 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
HL7373
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Shanghai - Seoul
MSN:
48409
YOM:
1992
Flight number:
KE6316
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Captain / Total flying hours:
12898
Captain / Total hours on type:
4856.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1826
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1152
Aircraft flight hours:
28347
Aircraft flight cycles:
4463
Circumstances:
On April 15, 1999, Korean Air cargo flight KE6316, a McDonnell Douglas MD-11F, Korean registration HL7373, departed from runway 18 at Shanghai-Hongqiao International Airport, for Seoul, Korea with 2 pilots and 1 flight technician on board at 16:01:35 Beijing local time (08:01:35 UTC time). The autopilot was off 1 minute 7 seconds (at 16:02:42) after takeoff. The airplane maneuvered first to the right, and then kept level flight at approximately 200° track for more than 30 seconds, and maneuvered back to the left. The crew was subsequently cleared to climb to 1,500 meters (4,900 feet) during which the airplane turned to NHW** at 900 meters (3,000 feet). The airplane passed 1,310 meters at 16:04:15, the airplane suddenly executed a very rapid descent after reaching 1,370 meters (4,500 feet) at 16:04:19 and then the airplane disappeared from the airport SSR screen. The airplane crashed into the ground at 16:04:35 according to Shanghai Seismic Bureau's measurement. The distance from the accident site to the airport runway is 11.6 kilometers, the site azimuth is 165° from the center of the runway centerline. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all three crew members were killed as well as five people on the ground. Thirty-six other people were injured, four seriously.
Probable cause:
The joint investigative team determines that the probable cause of the Korean Air flight KE 6316 accident was the flight crew's loss of altitude situational awareness resulting from altitude clearance wrongly relayed by the first officer and the crew's overreaction with abrupt flight control inputs.
Final Report:

Crash of a Harbin Yunsunji Y-12-II in Shanghai: 2 killed

Date & Time: Jun 21, 1996 at 1704 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-3822
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Dalian - Shanghai
MSN:
0001
YOM:
1991
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
9
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
2
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Dalian, the crew started the descent to Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport in limited visibility due to marginal weather conditions. While completing a last turn to join the approach path, the twin engine aircraft crashed on the top of a hill located about 3 km short of runway. A pilot and a passenger were killed while 10 other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the crew initiated the last turn prematurely, causing the aircraft to descent below the MDA in limited visibility. At the time of the accident, the aircraft deviated 3 km to the right of the approach path. Lack of visibility was a contributing factor.

Ground accident of a Boeing 757-21B in Guangzhou: 46 killed

Date & Time: Oct 2, 1990 at 0904 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-2812
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Guangzhou - Shanghai
MSN:
24758
YOM:
1990
Flight number:
CZ2812
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
12
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
106
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
46
Circumstances:
While parked at Guangzhou Airport, ready for flight CZ2812 to Shanghai-Hongqiao, Airport, the aircraft was struck by a Xiamen Airlines B737 that crashed upon landing after being hijacked. 46 passengers were killed and all other occupants were injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Struck by a B737 that crashed upon landing after being hijacked.

Crash of a Hawker-Siddeley HS.121 Trident 2E in Guilin

Date & Time: Mar 22, 1990
Operator:
Registration:
B-2208
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Shanghai - Guilin
MSN:
2165
YOM:
1974
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
102
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following a wrong approach configuration at Guilin Airport, the three engine aircraft landed too far down the runway. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, lost its right main gear and came to rest in a grassy area. All 107 occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. Weather conditions were poor at the time of the accident with rain showers and limited visibility. Thus, the runway surface was wet and the braking action was limited.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24RV in Shanghai: 34 killed

Date & Time: Aug 15, 1989
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-3417
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lanyungang – Shanghai – Nanchang
MSN:
37309006
YOM:
1973
Flight number:
MU5510
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
34
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
34
Circumstances:
After takeoff from runway 36 at Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport, while in initial climb, the right engine failed. The aircraft lost height and crashed in a river located near the runway end. Six passengers were rescued while 34 other occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Failure of the right engine shortly after rotation for unknown reasons.

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-61 in Shanghai

Date & Time: Sep 17, 1982 at 1430 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
JA8048
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Shanghai - Tokyo
MSN:
46160
YOM:
1971
Flight number:
JL792
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
113
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport at 1357LT on a flight to Tokyo, carrying 113 passengers and a crew of 11. Nine minutes after takeoff, the crew heard a strange noise coming from the lower middle part of the aircraft. This was immediately followed by a hydraulic low level warning, a hydraulic reservoir air low pressure warning, a complete loss of hydraulic system pressure, abnormal flap position indications, and a complete loss of air brake pressure. The crew elected to return to Shanghai for a emergency landing. The DC-8 touched down fast on runway 36, overran and came to rest in a drainage ditch. All 124 occupants were evacuated, 23 of them were injured.
Probable cause:
The explosion of the air brake bottle damaging 13 hydraulic system tubes and 2 emergency air brake system tubes, some of which resulted in the failure of extension of flaps and a loss of normal as well as emergency wheel braking, thus increasing the roll after touchdown distance to a value greater than available runway and stop way length. These factors prevented the captain from stopping the aircraft within the runway and stop way confines.

Crash of an Antonov AN-24 in Shanghai: 40 killed

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1976
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
B-492
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Guangzhou – Changsha – Hangzhou – Shanghai
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
36
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
40
Circumstances:
While descending to Shanghai-Hongqiao Airport, the airplane crashed in unknown circumstances few km from the airfield. All 40 occupants were killed.