Crash of a De Havilland DHC-3 Otter near Goose Bay: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 24, 1986 at 0955 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
C-FAGM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Snegamook Lake - Goose Bay
MSN:
400
YOM:
1961
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
4
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Aircraft flight hours:
13258
Circumstances:
A wheel/ski-equipped DHC-3 Otter aircraft was on the return leg of a charter flight to Snegamook Lake to retrieve a hunting party of four, along with their hunting gear and bounty of several hundred ptarmigan. It departed Snegamook Lake at 09:15. After takeoff, the engine began to run rough but improved somewhat when the power was reduced for cruising. As the aircraft was approaching Nipishish Lake, the pilot reported to company dispatch that the engine was again running rough, but he was able to maintain altitude, and he would follow the Crooked River toward Goose Bay in case a precautionary landing became necessary. Three minutes later, C-FAGM called dispatch again, advising them that he was intending to land on a large area on the Crooked River. He also indicated that there was an odour of smoke in the aircraft. The aircraft was in a nose-down, left- bank attitude, with the flaps fully extended and the skis retracted when it struck the frozen surface of the river. The Otter bounced clear of the surface, turned left came to rest in an upright position.
Probable cause:
It was determined that a fatigue-initiated crack in the number nine cylinder head caused the engine to run rough and lose power. While the pilot was manoeuvring for the precautionary landing in whiteout conditions, the aircraft crashed. At impact, the fuel cells ruptured, and a fire erupted which destroyed the aircraft.

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-63CF in Gander: 256 killed

Date & Time: Dec 12, 1985 at 0645 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N950JW
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Cairo – Cologne – Gander – Fort Campbell
MSN:
46058
YOM:
1969
Flight number:
MF1285R
Country:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
248
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
256
Captain / Total flying hours:
7001
Captain / Total hours on type:
1081.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5549
Copilot / Total hours on type:
918
Aircraft flight hours:
50861
Circumstances:
On 11 December 1985, Arrow Air Flight MF1285R, a Douglas DC-8-63, U.S. registration N950JW, departed Cairo, Egypt on an international charter flight to Fort Campbell, Kentucky (Ky), U.S.A. via Cologne, Germany, and Gander, Newfoundland. On board were 8 crew members and 248 passengers. The flight was the return portion of the second in a series of three planned troop rotation flights originating at McChord Air Force Base (AFB), Washington, U.S.A. and terminating in Fort Campbell. The flight had been chartered by the Multinational Force and Observers (MFO) to transport troops, their personal effects, and some military equipment to and from peacekeeping duties in the Sinai Desert. All 248 passengers who departed Cairo on 11 December 1985 were members of 101st Airborne Division (United States Army), based in Fort Campbell. The flight departed Cairo at 2035 Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and arrived at Cologne at 0121, 12 December 1985 for a planned technical stop. A complete crew change took place following which the flight departed for Gander at 0250. The flight arrived at Gander at 0904. Passengers were deplaned, the aircraft was refuelled, trash and waste water were removed, and catering supplies were boarded. The flight engineer was observed to conduct an external inspection of portions of the aircraft. The passengers then reboarded. Following engine start-up, the aircraft was taxied via taxiway "D" and runway 13 to runway 22 for departure. Take-off on runway 22 was begun from the intersection of runway 13 at 1015. The aircraft was observed to proceed down the runway and rotate in the vicinity of taxiway "A". Witnesses to the take-off reported that the aircraft gained little altitude after rotation and began to descend. Several witnesses, who were travelling on the Trans-Canada Highway approximately 900 feet beyond the departure end of runway 22, testified that the aircraft crossed the highway, which is at a lower elevation than the runway, at a very low altitude. Three described a yellow/orange glow emanating from the aircraft. Two of the witnesses testified that the glow was bright enough to illuminate the interior of the truck cabs they were driving. The third attributed the glow to the reflection of the runway approach lighting on the aircraft. Several witnesses observed the aircraft in a right bank as it crossed the Trans-Canada Highway. The pitch angle was also seen to increase, but the aircraft continued to descend until it struck downsloping terrain approximately 3,000 feet beyond the departure end of the runway. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a severe fuel-fed fire. All 256 occupants on board sustained fatal injuries.
Probable cause:
The Canadian Aviation Safety Board was unable to determine the exact sequence of events which led to this accident. The Board believes, however, that the weight of evidence supports the conclusion that, shortly after lift-off, the aircraft experienced an increase in drag and reduction in lift which resulted in a stall at low altitude from which recovery was not possible. The most probable cause of the stall was determined to be ice contamination on the leading edge and upper surface of the wing. Other possible factors such as a loss of thrust from the number four engine and inappropriate take-off reference speeds may have compounded the effects of the contamination.
Final Report:

Crash of a Piper PA-31-310 Navajo B in Table Mountain: 3 killed

Date & Time: Jul 21, 1985
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C-GNID
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Sydney - Stephenville
MSN:
31-7401256
YOM:
1974
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
3
Circumstances:
The twin engine aircraft departed Sydney-J. A. Douglas McCurdy Airport on a survey flight to Stephenville. En route, it struck the slope of Table Mountain located about 17 km northwest of Channel-Port-aux-Basques. all three occupants were killed.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-6 Twin Otter 100 in Goose Bay: 4 killed

Date & Time: Oct 11, 1984 at 1737 LT
Operator:
Registration:
C-FAUS
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Saint Anthony - Goose Bay
MSN:
34
YOM:
1967
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
2
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Aircraft flight hours:
17585
Circumstances:
The Twin Otter departed Goose Bay on a medical evacuation flight to St. Anthony. The flight was uneventful and landed in St. Anthony at 15:24. At 16:02, the aircraft departed St. Anthony on a VFR flight back to Goose Bay. On board were the two pilots and the doctor and nurse. Approaching the Goose Bay Airport, weather became marginal, but the crew continued visual flight. The crew likely encountered near zero forward visibility in snow showers and fog; it is probable that they were able to maintain vertical contact with the ground and were confident they could continue flight with visual reference to the ground. The crew may not have been able to see terrain ahead and therefore may not have been able to determine if the aircraft would clear the hills, particularly, when steep hills were encountered. The plane struck a rock outcropping 100 feet below the summit of a 2,050-foot mountain. After bouncing twice, the Twin Otter had come to rest in a small, wooded gully, approximately 350 feet from the initial point of impact.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the flight was attempted in mountainous terrain in marginal weather conditions. The aircraft was flown at an altitude which did not provide terrain clearance, and the aircraft struck a mountain for undetermined reasons.

Crash of a Saunders ST-27 in Saint John's

Date & Time: May 28, 1984 at 1615 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C-FCNT
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Saint Anthony – Saint John’s
MSN:
007
YOM:
1972
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Upon touchdown at St John's Airport, the left main gear collapsed. The airplane came to rest on its belly and was damaged beyond repair. All eight occupants evacuated safely.
Probable cause:
The damper lever jack, the main jack, and the lever stay link of the left gear assembly had failed in overload prior to landing. The cause of the failure could not be determined.

Crash of a De Havilland DHC-2 Beaver in Cartwright

Date & Time: Nov 4, 1981
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
C-FOCG
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
30
YOM:
1948
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances upon landing in Cartwright. There were no casualties while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Beechcraft 65-A80 Queen Air in Saint John's: 10 killed

Date & Time: Jun 23, 1978 at 0915 LT
Type of aircraft:
Registration:
C-GGAL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Saint John's - Saint Anthony
MSN:
LD-233
YOM:
1965
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
Shortly after takeoff from St John's Airport, while in initial climb, the twin engine airplane struck tree tops and crashed on the slope of Mt Picco's Ridge located near Portugal Cove, about six km west of the airport. The aircraft was destroyed upon impact and all 10 occupants were killed.
Crew:
Gerald Eichel, pilot,
Michael Fitzpatrick, copilot.
Passengers:
Bill Manning,
Marc Laterreur,
B. Napier Simpson Jr.,
Robert Painchaud,
Jules Leger,
Jacqueline Leger,
Brenda Babbits,
Alex Babbits.
Source: www.planecrashgirl.ca

Crash of a Beechcraft 65-A80 Queen Air near Indian Harbor

Date & Time: Mar 27, 1978 at 2000 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N28BL
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
LD-256
YOM:
1966
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The pilot declared an emergency following an in-flight fire. The airplane crash landed in a frozen lake located near Indian Harbor, east coast of Newfoundland. The pilot, sole on board, escaped uninjured while the aircraft was written off.
Probable cause:
Engine failure in flight following a possible collision with object.
Final Report:

Crash of a BAe 125-400A in Churchill Falls: 8 killed

Date & Time: Dec 9, 1977 at 1955 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
C-FCFL
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Montreal - Churchill Falls
MSN:
25213
YOM:
1970
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
6
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
8
Captain / Total flying hours:
11000
Captain / Total hours on type:
3100.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
15000
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2600
Circumstances:
The corporate jet HS-125 aircraft departed Montreal at 2123 (GMT), 9 December 1977 with Churchill Falls as destination. The estimated time en route was 1 hour 45 minutes. The flight proceeded normally and was in contact with Air Traffic Services en route. When in range of Churchill Falls the flight received a clearance for the approach from Moncton ATC. At 2228Z the pilot acknowledged the clearance to the Churchill Falls airport and received the latest weather. The aircraft left cruising altitude shortly thereafter; the descent was normal to the minimum initial altitude for the instrument approach. The flight reported outbound to Churchill Falls advisory at approximately 2252Z. The final transmission from the crew was that they were two miles back on final with a confirmation that they could see the strobe lights and the VASIS. Moncton Centre was alerted shortly after 2300Z when it was evident that the aircraft had not landed. A local search was initiated with two helicopters from the airport but because of deteriorating weather, the search had to be discontinued and the aircraft was not found that night. Search and Rescue were alerted at 2314Z. Near blizzard conditions occurred that night and the next day, December 10. It wasn't until 11 December that the air search was resumed and the aircraft was located two miles short of the threshold of runway 14. There was no sign of life.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was the consequence of the combination of the following findings:
- Cockpit discipline was inadequate as the approach entered the final phase,
- Distractions in the cockpit degraded crew performance,
- The pilots deprived themselves of essential altitude information by not effectively monitoring the flight instruments during the final approach,
- The Captain, by relying on visual cues from the runway environment lighting in conditions where those cues were degraded, became exposed to visual illusions,
- The pilots permitted the aircraft to deviate below the safe approach profile until it struck the terrain,
- On the assumptions that there had been at least one serviceable ELT on board, that it had been activated as a result of the impact or by other means, and that there was the capability at Churchill Falls of homing to the point of origin of the ELT signal, the rescue activity may have been expedited.
Final Report:

Crash of a Rockwell Aero Commander 500B in Twin Falls

Date & Time: Apr 2, 1977 at 0355 LT
Registration:
N223LH
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Twin Falls – Boise – Twin Falls – Pocatello – Boise – Twin Falls
MSN:
500-1528-188
YOM:
1965
Country:
Crew on board:
1
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4963
Captain / Total hours on type:
63.00
Circumstances:
While descending by night to Twin Falls, both engines stopped simultaneously. Due to loss of speed, the airplane lost height. The pilot elected to make an emergency landing when the airplane struck power cables and crashed in a snow covered field. The pilot was injured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure caused by a fuel exhaustion. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Collision with wires/poles,
- Mismanagement of fuel,
- Miscalculated fuel consumption,
- Fuel exhaustion,
- High obstructions.
Final Report: