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Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 100 in Bhubaneshwar

Date & Time: Jul 24, 1976 at 1852 LT
Type of aircraft:
Fokker F27 Friendship
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DMD
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
10174
YOM:
1961
Location:
Bhubaneshwar
Odisha (Orissa)
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
19
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
32677
Aircraft flight cycles:
27978
Circumstances:
The airplane landed hard and bounced. It rolled to the right and struck the runway surface again with its right wing. Upon touchdown, the nose gear tyre burst and the airplane veered off runway and came to rest. All 23 occupants were evacuated and the aircraft was considered as damaged beyond as the right wingtip and the right engine were torn off.
Probable cause:
Improper recovery from a bounced landing.

Crash of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N in Bombay

Date & Time: Jun 17, 1975 at 0833 LT
Type of aircraft:
Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DVJ
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
New Delhi - Bombay
MSN:
216
YOM:
1966
Location:
Mumbai-Chhatrapati Shivaji (Santa Cruz)
Maharashtra
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
87
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
At an excessive approach speed, the crew landed too far down on a wet runway due to rain. After touchdown, the crew applied full brake and deployed the drag chute but this caused all wheels to block and all tire to burst. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the airplane overran, lost its left main gear and part of its left wing before coming to rest. All 93 occupants were evacuated, among them 12 were injured. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair. The airport just reopened to traffic following the ground fire of an Air France Boeing 747 on June 12.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the crew.

Crash of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-N in Mumbai

Date & Time: Jul 3, 1973 at 2030 LT
Type of aircraft:
Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DPO
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
MSN:
128
YOM:
1963
Location:
Mumbai-Chhatrapati Shivaji (Santa Cruz)
Maharashtra
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Bombay-Santa Cruz Airport, the airplane adopted a nose down attitude and landed nose first at an excessive speed. Upon impact, the nose gear collapsed and the airplane slid on its nose until it came to a halt on runway. A fire erupted in the nose gear bay. All 15 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The copilot was the pilot-in-command at the time of the accident. It was determined that he adopted a wrong approach configuration, causing the aircraft to land nose first at a too high speed. A lack of supervision on part of the captain was also considered.

Crash of a Boeing 737-2A8 in New Delhi: 48 killed

Date & Time: May 31, 1973 at 2158 LT
Type of aircraft:
Boeing 737-200
Operator:
Registration:
VT-EAM
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Madras - New Delhi
MSN:
20486/279
YOM:
1971
Flight number:
IC440
Location:
New Delhi-Palam
National Capital Territory of Delhi
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
58
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
48
Circumstances:
On final approach to New Delhi-Palam Airport by night, the crew encountered poor weather conditions. In below-minimum visibility, despite he was unable to locate the runway, the captain decided to continue the approach and passed below the glide. With the flaps down to 40°, the airplane struck power cables and crashed in flames near the district of Vasant Vihar, about 3 km east of the airport. Five crew members and 43 passengers were killed while 17 other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration and poor flight planing on part of the flight crew.

Crash of a Hindustan Aeronautics HAL-748-2-224 in Hyderabad: 4 killed

Date & Time: Mar 15, 1973 at 1650 LT
Type of aircraft:
Hindustan Aeronautics HAL-748
Operator:
Registration:
VT-EAU
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Training
Survivors:
No
Site:
City
Schedule:
Hyderabad - Hyderabad
MSN:
541
YOM:
1972
Location:
Hyderabad-Begumpet
Telangana
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
4
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Hyderabad-Begumpet Airport. On final, the pilot-in-command made a last turn at low height to join the approach path when the right wing struck power cables and a tree. Out of control, the airplane stalled and crashed onto a house locate few hundred meters short of runway threshold. All three crew members as well as one people on the ground were killed.
Probable cause:
The cause of the accident was attributed to several errors committed by the instructor and the trainee pilots during the flight due to the consumption of alcohol by them before the flight which affected their concentration and impaired their judgement and skill.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 100 in New Delhi: 18 killed

Date & Time: Aug 12, 1972 at 2242 LT
Type of aircraft:
Fokker F27 Friendship
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DME
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Gwalior - New Delhi
MSN:
10175
YOM:
1961
Location:
New Delhi-Palam
National Capital Territory of Delhi
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
18
Aircraft flight hours:
24087
Aircraft flight cycles:
20130
Circumstances:
On a night approach to New Delhi-Palam Airport, the captain decided to abandon the landing procedure and initiated a go-around. Few minutes later, while on a second attempt to land, the crew failed to realize his altitude was too low when the airplane struck the ground and crashed 1,600 meters short of runway threshold. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all 18 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
During the second approach, the crew decided to descend below the glide. The captain realize he was too low and initiated a go-around manoeuvre but failed to position the flaps in a correct angle, causing the aircraft to stall and to crash. The distance with ground was insufficient to expect a stall recovery. The lack of visibility caused by night remains a contributing factor.

Crash of a Hindustan Aeronautics HAL-748-224-2 near Cumbum: 21 killed

Date & Time: Dec 9, 1971 at 1225 LT
Type of aircraft:
Hindustan Aeronautics HAL-748
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DXG
Flight Phase:
Flight
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Trivandrum - Madurai
MSN:
512
YOM:
1968
Location:
Cumbum
Tamil Nadu
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
27
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
21
Circumstances:
While cruising in marginal weather conditions from Trivandrum to Madurai at an altitude of 5,200 feet, the airplane struck the slope of a mountain located in the Megamalai Mountain Range, some 90 km southwest of Madurai Airport. The wreckage was found southeast of Cumbum. All four crew members and 17 passengers were killed while 10 others were seriously injured. The aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the aircraft was off course to the north by 46 km at the time of the accident, probably due to a navigation error on part of the flying crew who misinterpreted some instruments settings.

Crash of a Vickers 768D Viscount in Jaipur

Date & Time: Aug 9, 1971 at 1920 LT
Type of aircraft:
Vickers Viscount
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DIX
Flight Phase:
Landing (descent or approach)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
New Delhi - Jaipur
MSN:
292
YOM:
1958
Location:
Jaipur
Rajasthan
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
23
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The descent to Jaipur-Sanganer Airport was initiated in poor weather conditions with heavy rain falls. Due to low visibility, the captain decided to make a go-around. Few minutes later, a second attempt to land was abandoned and a second go-around was completed. During a third attempt to land, the pilot-in-command landed too far down the runway, about 1,800 feet past the runway threshold. Unable to stop on a wet runway and within the remaining distance, the airplane overran, lost its left main gear and came to rest. All 27 occupants escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration.

Ground fire of a Fokker F27 Friendship 100 in Lahore

Date & Time: Feb 2, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Fokker F27 Friendship
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DMA
Flight Phase:
Parking
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
Yes
Site:
Airport (less than 10 km from airport)
Schedule:
Srinagar – Jammu
MSN:
10171
YOM:
1961
Location:
Lahore-Allama Muhammad Iqbal
Punjab (پنجاب)
Country:
Pakistan
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
28
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Aircraft flight hours:
21091
Aircraft flight cycles:
17638
Circumstances:
While on a flight from Srinagar to Jammu, the airplane was hijacked by two members of the Jammu and Kashmir National Liberation Front (NLF). After being diverted to Lahore Airport, the aircraft stand on this airport for three days before all 32 occupants were released. The aircraft was then set afire and destroyed.
Probable cause:
Hijacked and destroyed by fire on ground.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 400 near Silchar: 39 killed

Date & Time: Aug 29, 1970 at 1445 LT
Type of aircraft:
Fokker F27 Friendship
Operator:
Registration:
VT-DWT
Flight Phase:
Takeoff (climb)
Flight Type:
Scheduled Revenue Flight
Survivors:
No
Site:
Mountains
Schedule:
Silchar – Guwahati
MSN:
10336
YOM:
1967
Location:
Silchar
Assam
Country:
India
Region:
Asia
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
34
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
39
Aircraft flight hours:
6271
Aircraft flight cycles:
5243
Circumstances:
After takeoff from Silchar-Kumbhirgram Airport, the captain failed to follow the published departure route. While climbing to an altitude of 5,600 feet, he initiated a right turn in clouds and rain when the airplane struck a mountain located 19 km northeast of the airport. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 39 occupants were killed.
Crew:
G. C. Dutta, pilot,
N. V. S. Reddy, copilot,
S. Das Gupta, flight engineer,
A. Bhattacharjee, steward,
S. B. Chaturvedi, steward.
Probable cause:
The pilot who had not made use of the Met. Forecast left by the relieved Commander at Silchar Airport did not follow the safer course of climbing overhead to the minimum sector altitude before setting course for Guwahati. He aggravated the situation by turning to the right without attaining the adequate terrain clearance, causing the aircraft to struck the ground.
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