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Crash of an Aérospatiale SN.601 Corvette off Nice: 10 killed

Date & Time: Sep 3, 1979 at 1820 LT
Operator:
Registration:
OY-SBS
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Copenhagen – Stockholm – Coventry – Nice
MSN:
21
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
NB4133
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
8
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Captain / Total flying hours:
3400
Captain / Total hours on type:
270.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
2056
Copilot / Total hours on type:
113
Aircraft flight hours:
5161
Circumstances:
The twin engine airplane was completing an on-demand taxi flight from Copenhagen to Nice with intermediate stops in Stockholm and Coventry, carrying members from the Corporate of the Swedish Group Atlas Copco. On final approach to Nice-Côte d'Azur Airport, while completing a last turn, the airplane stalled and crashed into the sea about one km short of runway 05 threshold. Few debris were found floating on water while the main wreckage sank in a canyon by a depth of about 1,500 meters. All 10 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the accident was the consequence of a stall on final approach after both engines stopped quite simultaneously. Investigations were unable to determine the exact cause of the right engine failure while it is believed that the left engine stopped following the failure of the accessory drive gearbox. This resulted from the evolution of fatigue cracks observed on other engines of the same type.
Final Report:

Ground accident of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle 10B3 in Tehran: 15 killed

Date & Time: Mar 15, 1974 at 0809 LT
Operator:
Registration:
OY-STK
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hong Kong – Bangkok – New Delhi – Tehran – Copenhagen
MSN:
266
YOM:
1970
Flight number:
NB901
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
92
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Captain / Total flying hours:
9600
Copilot / Total flying hours:
6000
Aircraft flight hours:
13773
Circumstances:
Preparing for takeoff on its flight back to Denmark, the crew completed a backtrack on runway 29L when he was instructed by ATC to expedite the procedure and to vacate due to traffic on approach. When the airplane reached the end of the runway, the crew initiated a turn to the left when the right main gear collapsed and punctured the right wing and the fuel tank. A fire ensued and the aircraft came to rest in flames. 15 passengers (7 Danish and 8 Swedish citizens) were killed while 81 other occupants escaped, some of them were seriously injured. The aircraft was partially destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
The right main gear failed as a result of the propagation of fatigue cracks in the lower right hand candelabre of RIB 44.

Crash of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-R in Stockholm

Date & Time: Jul 14, 1973
Operator:
Registration:
OY-SAN
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
98
YOM:
1961
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Suffered a ground accident at Stockholm-Arlanda Airport. While taxiing, the airplane collided with an obstacle and came to rest. There were no casualties but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair. The exact circumstances of the mishap remains unclear.

Crash of a Sud-Aviation SE.210 Caravelle 10B3 near Fujairah: 112 killed

Date & Time: Mar 14, 1972 at 2004 LT
Operator:
Registration:
OY-STL
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Colombo – Bombay – Dubai – Ankara – Copenhagen
MSN:
267
YOM:
1970
Flight number:
NB296
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
106
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
112
Captain / Total flying hours:
6600
Captain / Total hours on type:
58.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
3785
Copilot / Total hours on type:
1400
Aircraft flight hours:
6674
Aircraft flight cycles:
2373
Circumstances:
Following an uneventful flight from Bombay at 33,000 feet, the crew contacted Dubai control to obtain the latest weather bulletin: wind from 040° at 8 knots, visibility 10 km and 5/8 clouds at 2,000 feet. Approaching via radial 084, the crew was informed he will be able to start the descent at 1955LT. However, at 1949LT (six minutes too early), the crew informed ATC he was ready for the descent as his position was 95 NM from Dubai. At that moment, the plane was in fact 162 NM from the destination but the crew was not aware of it. After being cleared to descend at 4,000 feet, pilots were informed that they may choose either Runway 30 or 12, to which they respond that they will attempt a direct approach on Runway 30. By night, the captain thought he was seeing the lights of the city of Dubai when they are actually those of Fujairah located 95 km east. Despite that the crew had difficulties to tune into NDB frequency, the crew continued the descent when, at an altitude of 1,600 feet, the airplane struck the slope of a mountain. The wreckage was about 92 kilometers east of Dubai Airport. The airplane disintegrated on impact and all 112 occupants were killed, among them 74 Danish whom six crew members, 20 Swedish, 12 Norwegians, four Finns and two West Germans.
Probable cause:
At the time of the accident, weather conditions were not bad but the presence of clouds and reduced visibility by night hampered the crew in their ground recognition. The use of a flight plan with errors and outdated information or a misreading of the weather radar settings or the combination of both allowed the crew to start the descent prematurely, causing the aircraft to approach below the prescribed minimum altitude. A succession of errors within the crew during the descent also allowed the aircraft to be too far to the north from the approach path as the wreckage was located 33 kilometers north to the runway 30 approach path. The fact that pilots visually mistaken the cities of Fujairah and Dubai remained a contributing factor.
Final Report:

Crash of a Cessna 402B in Billund

Date & Time: Nov 29, 1971
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OY-SAW
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Billund - Billund
MSN:
402B-0112
YOM:
1971
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a local training flight at Billund Airport, Shortly after takeoff, while in initial climb, the twin engine airplane went out of control and crashed near the runway end. Both pilots were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of a Douglas DC-6B in Göteborg

Date & Time: Dec 23, 1967 at 0901 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OY-EAN
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Stockholm – Göteborg
MSN:
43275/192
YOM:
1951
Flight number:
NB821
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
49
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
5602
Copilot / Total flying hours:
5459
Circumstances:
The flight NB821, a non-scheduled air transport operation from Stockholm-Arlanda Airport to Gothenburg-Torslanda Airport, took off from Arlanda on 23 December 1967 at 0637 hours GMT. The aircraft was flown in accordance with an approved flight plan. The first approach was discontinued at critical height due to insufficient visual references. During the second approach the pilot-in-command took over the aircraft at a low altitude and landed. A heavy touchdown was made on runway 22 approximately 3,000 feet after the threshold at 0801 hours GMT. The aircraft sustained substantial damage and all 55 occupants were evacuated safely.
Probable cause:
The Board determines the cause of the accident was non-regulative use of reverse before firm ground contact. The following contributing factors were reported:
- The pilot-in-command took over the controls and continued the approach just after the co-pilot had started to level off at minimum altitude,
- The approach was high,
- The touchdown was made 3 000 ft after the threshold,
- The pilot-in-command applied reverse power before ground contact,
- The pilot-in-command's action was most probably affected by the high approach and the short runway.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-6B in Copenhagen

Date & Time: Apr 13, 1963 at 0404 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OY-EAP
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Las Palmas – Barcelona – Copenhagen
MSN:
43750
YOM:
1952
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
9617
Captain / Total hours on type:
768.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
1770
Copilot / Total hours on type:
171
Aircraft flight hours:
33819
Circumstances:
On 12 April 1963, at 1521 hours GMT, Sterling Airways' DC-6B, OY-EAP, took off from Las Palmas Airport in the Canary Islands on a three-engine ferry flight bound for Copenhagen. After an intermediate refuelling stop at Barcelona, the aircraft departed again at 2224 GMT for Copenhagen. It contacted Copenhagen ATC when passing Michelsdorf on 13 April, at 0238 GMT. It was then at FL110 which was maintained until the aircraft, when over ROBBY NDD, was cleared to descend to FL45. At 0253 GMT, when passing PRESTO NDB at FL60, the aircraft reported that Copenhagen Airport was in sight, whereafter the flight mas performed with visual contact to this airport's runway 04. When passing marker beacon CODAN on the north coast of Stevns, the aircraft descended to 3,500-4,000 feet, the speed being normal, i. e. 170 kt. About 1 - 1/2 minutes later flaps were set to 20°, whereafter the speed in the course of the next few minutes was slowly reduced to 145 kt at which rate the undercarriage was extended and the flap angle was increased to 300. The altitude was then approximately 1 500 ft and the approach towards the clearly visible runway was continued in a shallow glide. The approach was rather low, for which reason the engine power had to be increased several times in order to reach the runway. On short final - probably immediately before passing the first approach lights - the pilot-in-command ordered full flaps. The speed was then 110-130 kt and the height still rather low. Shortly after the flaps were fully extended the aircraft showed a tendency to bank which the pilot-in-command tried to counteract by applying aileron control. When the aircraft was 100-200 m from the runway threshold, the pilot-in-command realizing that he no longer had sufficient control to make as the landing decided to abandon the landing. He ordered "pulling-up, full power, gear up, flaps twenty". The speed was then around 100 kt. The flight engineer immediately pushed the propeller pitch selector lever forward to full RPM position and thereafter advanced the throttles, at the same time moving the landing gear lever to the "up" position. When power was applied the aircraft immediately made a violent bank and an uncontrollable right-hand turn. About 10 seconds later the starboard wing tip hit the ground about 200 m beyond the threshold of runway 04 and 80 m to the right of the centre line. This caused the disintegration of the outer portion of the starboard wing whereupon the aircraft crashed. The aircraft came to a stop 220 m further on with its nose pointing roughly to 240°. The accident occurred at 0304 GMT, i. e. one hour before sunrise. The aircraft was destroyed by impact forces and a post crash fire. All three crew members were injured.
Probable cause:
During the approach to runway 04 with the starboard outer engine inoperative, the speed of the aircraft decreased to a value critical for safe manoeuvring. Because of this the pilot-in-command attempted an overshoot. In the course thereof he lost control of the aircraft which, in a heavy bank, went into an uncontrolled right-hand turn, its starboard wing hit the ground, and the aircraft crashed. That the aircraft got into the above-mentioned critical situation must,to an essential degree, be attributed to the fact that the pilot-in-command selected full flaps at a time when the altitude and speed of the aircraft in relation to the distance from the runway threshold did not justify such disposition.
Final Report: