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Crash of a Canadian Vickers PBV-1A Canso A off Portel

Date & Time: Apr 11, 1964
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PCZ
Schedule:
Belém – Portel
MSN:
CV-282
YOM:
1941
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
While approaching Portel, the crew encountered strong cross winds. The airplane struck the water surface and on impact, the windshield was sheared off. Water came into the cockpit and the cabin and the airplane partially sank. All occupants were evacuated safely.

Accident of a Sud-Aviation SE-210 Caravelle VI-R near Recife

Date & Time: Sep 6, 1963
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PDU
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Salvador - Recife
MSN:
118
YOM:
1962
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The Caravelle was operating on a flight from Salvador to Recife and was cruising at 8700 m in VMC. The flight contacted Recife Control over Maceio and received clearance to descend to 6150 m. Recife Approached later cleared the aircraft for 900 m and informed the crew about another aircraft descending from 900 to 600 m on the same direction in IMC. When descending through 1800 m the crew were surprised by the lights of another aircraft. To avoid possible collision the Caravelle was brusquely manouevred upwards. Landing at Recife-Guarapes at 22:09 was normal. After returning to Rio de Janeiro-Galeao, the aircraft was thoroughly inspected by Panair maintenance. It appeared the plane had suffered serious damage to the structure, rendering the aircraft damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Rapid evasive manoeuvre judged necessary to avoid collision overloaded the aircraft's structure.

Crash of a Douglas DC-7C in Rio de Janeiro

Date & Time: Apr 8, 1963
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PDM
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Rio de Janeiro - Rio de Janeiro
MSN:
45124
YOM:
1957
Country:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was engaged in a local training flight at Rio de Janeiro-Galeão Airport. During the takeoff roll, just after V1 speed, the nose gear retracted. The aircraft sank on its belly, lost its both engines number two and three and slid for several yards before coming to rest in flames. All seven crew members were slightly injured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Poor flight preparation of lack of crew coordination led the crew to retract the undercarriage prematurely while the aircraft had not yet taken off.

Crash of a Lockheed L-049-46-21 Constellation near Manaus: 50 killed

Date & Time: Dec 14, 1962 at 0020 LT
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PDE
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Belém – Manaus
MSN:
2047
YOM:
1946
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
7
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
43
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
50
Circumstances:
The Panair Constellation departed Belém at 02:31 GMT for a 3-hour flight to Manaus-Ponta Pelada Airport. The plane followed the Amber 1 airway and contacted Manaus at 05:04, reporting six minutes out. At 05:19 the flight crew asked Manaus whether the plane's engines could be heard. Manaus replied negative and asked the reason for the question. Nothing more was heard from the flight, which appeared to have crashed 45 km from Manaus. The Constellation named 'Estevao Ribeiro Baiao Parente' was completely destroyed and all 50 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
The cause of the accident was not determined.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas DC-8-33 in Rio de Janeiro: 15 killed

Date & Time: Aug 20, 1962 at 2208 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PDT
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Buenos Aires – Rio de Janeiro – Lisbonne – Paris – Londres
MSN:
45273
YOM:
1960
Flight number:
PB026
Country:
Crew on board:
11
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
94
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
15
Captain / Total flying hours:
13504
Captain / Total hours on type:
812.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
14643
Copilot / Total hours on type:
223
Circumstances:
The aircraft was on a scheduled international flight from Buenos Aires to Rio de Janeiro (Galeao Airport) and Lisbon. It arrived at Galeao Airport following an uneventful flight. Another crew took over for the last segment of the flight. The takeoff run began at 2303 hours GMT from runway 14. The aircraft's acceleration appeared to be normal. The pilot-in-command declared that, at a speed between 100 and 135 kt (V1), he noted that the control column was too far back and pushed it forward. At this point the co-pilot released the controls, which is normally done when the aircraft reaches V1. It is believed that in fact an attempt to rotate the aircraft was made around 132 kt. The aircraft continued to accelerate normally. The co-pilot announced 148 kt, the rotation speed (VR), and the pilot pulled back on the control column. However, the aircraft did not respond, so he pushed it forward again. No indication of this rotation attempt was revealed by the flight recorder reading. He and the co-pilot then pulled back on the control column, however, the nose of the aircraft did not rotate since the pilot had already reduced power 14 seconds after reaching VR. Also, the tape reading indicated that the brakes were used for 5 seconds prior to any power reduction. The first marks of braking were found approximately 2300 m from the threshold. The pilot realized that the aircraft could not be stopped on the remaining portion of the runway so he turned the aircraft off the runway to the right and fully reduced power. The brakes were applied but not reverse thrust. Heavy and steady braking marks started 2600 m from the threshold. Of his own accord, the co-pilot applied full power for reversion and tried to operate the spoilers but could not do so because of the bumps The right wing lowered, dragging engines No. 3 and 4. The left wheels of the landing gear sank into the sand, and engines No. 1 and 2 also began to drag. All four engines lost their ejectors and reversion cones, causing the aircraft to accelerate. It continued moving at a high speed, hit the airport wall, crossed the adjoining highway, lost engines No. 1 and 2 and the left landing gear and finally came to rest in the sea. 50 m from shore. It drifted 100 m while floating and then sank to a depth of 8 m. There were no lights on board the aircraft when it came to a stop as the automatic emergency lighting system did not function. One cabin attendant used one of the two flashlights available. The darkness increased the panic and confusion. The passengers could not use the main door as an exit because it would open into the sea. They did not know where the emergency exits were. However, the exits were then opened and most of the passengers left the aircraft on the starboard side. The fact that the lour exits were all in the central part of the fuselage hampered the evacuation as the number of passengers (94) was considerable. The crew left the aircraft via the cockpit windows. No instructions had been given on emergency procedures and therefore the passengers and most of the crew did not take their life jackets with them when leaving the aircraft. Although the aircraft was equipped with six life rafts no crew member tried to use them. The aircraft drifted 330 feet downstream and submerged in 25 minutes. A crew member and 14 passengers were killed, 46 occupants were wounded and 44 were uninjured.
Probable cause:
The take-off was discontinued when the aircraft would not rotate at a speed of 175 kt because the stabilizer setting had switched from 3° nose-up to 1-3/4° nose-down. Contributing factors to the accident were the delayed decision of the pilot to abort the take-off and the incorrect compliance with the standard procedures used for emergency stopping.
Final Report:

Crash of a Lockheed L-049 Constellation in Rio de Janeiro

Date & Time: Mar 3, 1962
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PCR
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
2060
YOM:
1946
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew encountered technical problems while approaching Rio de Janeiro-Galeão Airport and was unable to lower the nose gear. The landing procedure was completed with the nose gear retracted and the airplane slid on its nose for dozen yards before coming to rest. There were no injuries but the aircraft was written off.

Crash of a Douglas DC-7C in Recife: 45 killed

Date & Time: Nov 1, 1961 at 0215 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PDO
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Lisbon – Praia – Recife – Rio de Janeiro
MSN:
44872
YOM:
1957
Country:
Crew on board:
9
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
79
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
45
Captain / Total flying hours:
16243
Captain / Total hours on type:
1004.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
20944
Copilot / Total hours on type:
193
Circumstances:
The aircraft, coming from Lisbon, Portugal with a stop at Ilha do Sal, contacted Recife Control Tower at 0505Z. While flying at night in good visibility the flight received instructions for landing and was to call again on the "wind leg". Reporting as requested, authorization for landing was given, and the aircraft was asked to notify when on "final". Thirty seconds thereafter it collided with high (84 m) ground to the right of the centreline of the runway in use, 2 720 m from the runway threshold. The aircraft was destroyed by fire. Thirty-eight passengers and 7 crew members were killed while 43 other occupants were injured.
Probable cause:
The accident was caused by pilot errors, i.e. improper evaluation of distance, flying a non-standard traffic pattern by night and failing to observe altitude minima during the final approach. A contributing cause was the improper night marking of obstructions along the approach path towards runway 15.
Final Report:

Crash of a Canadian Vickers PBV-1A Canso off Parintins

Date & Time: Oct 24, 1961
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PCY
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Manaus – Belém
MSN:
CV-242
YOM:
1941
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The crew was completing a cargo flight from Manaus to Belém, carrying a load of dangerous goods. The airplane caught fire in flight and the captain reduced his altitude and performed an emergency landing on Rio Amazonas off Parintins. All occupants evacuated safely while the aircraft was destroyed by fire.
Probable cause:
In-flight fire.

Crash of a Douglas DC-7C in Belém

Date & Time: Oct 14, 1961
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-PDL
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Manaus – Belém
MSN:
45122
YOM:
1957
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
An hour after his departure from Manaus-Ponta Pelada Airport, the captain informed ATC that the primary hydraulic system failed. He was able to continue the flight and to complete a normal landing at Belém-Val de Cans Airport. After touchdown, when the reverse thrust systems were applied, the crew lost control of the airplane that veered off runway to the right. While contacting soft ground, the undercarriage were sheared off and the airplane came to rest into a ravine. There were no injuries among the occupants but the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
The primary hydraulic system failed in flight, causing a major hydraulic leak. Upon landing, the reverse thrust and braking systems were partially inoperative.