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Crash of an ATR42-312 in Mt Crezzo: 37 killed

Date & Time: Oct 15, 1987 at 1828 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
I-ATRH
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Milan - Cologne
MSN:
46
YOM:
1987
Flight number:
BM460
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
34
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
37
Circumstances:
15 minutes after takeoff from Milan-Linate Airport, while climbing to the altitude of 14,700 feet, the crew encountered severe icing conditions. At a constant speed of 133 knots, the aircraft first rolled to the right to an angle of 41° then to the left to 100°, again 105° to the right and finally 135° to the left. Out of control, the aircraft nosed down and crashed on the slope of Mt Crezzo located 50 km north of Linate Airport. The aircraft was totally destroyed and all 37 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
Loss of longitudinal controllability due to severe icing conditions. The crew was inexperienced, which was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of a Douglas DC-9-32 near Sarroch: 31 killed

Date & Time: Sep 14, 1979 at 0047 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
I-ATJC
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Alghero - Cagliari
MSN:
47667/776
YOM:
1975
Flight number:
BM012
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
27
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
31
Aircraft flight hours:
10000
Circumstances:
The airplane departed Alghero Airport at 0010LT on a short schedule service (BM012) to Cagliari-Elmas Airport, carrying 27 passengers and a crew of four. While descending to Cagliari, the crew was informed that runway 14 was in use with thunderstorm activity and rain falls south of the airport. After contacting the Cagliari Tower controller at 0026LT, the flight was cleared to descend to the transition altitude of 6,000 feet. Having in front of them a consistent formation of Cumulonimbus clouds, the first officer radioed their intention to make a 360° turn to further lower the altitude and thus avoid the cloud formations. The controller, not having traffic in the area, authorized the manoeuvre, and first officer then announced the intention to leave at 7,500 feet for 3,000 feet. The controller then asked the flight if they had visual contact with the ground, but this was not the case. The clearance was amended to go down to 6,000 feet instead of 3,000 feet. At 0030LT the flight reported that it was in visual contact with the ground, and that it was about to leave 6,000 ft for 3,000 ft. The controller confirmed this, adding that it had started to rain at the airport in the meantime. The aircraft however did not complete the planned 360° turn, thus finding itself with a different heading from that initially planned. After reaching 3,000 feet, the flight was cleared for the approach. The first officer confirmed this and announced that they would start the final approach with a slight deviation to the right of the beacon. At 0034LT the first officer asked the controller to confirm that the ILS system was inoperative, which it was. At this stage of the flight the crew became unaware of their position. The captain believed he was flying over the sea, further south than the actual position of the aircraft, while the first officer rightly believed he was flying over the mountainous terrain of southern Sardinia. In the last minute and a half of the flight, the captain asked the first officer to lower the undercarriage and continued the descent. At an altitude of 2,000 feet (610 m) the DC-9 hit the rocky mountainside of Conca d'Oru with the lower part of the fuselage, causing the aircraft to break up. A fire erupted. The point of impact was 18 km south-west of the airport. All 31 occupants were killed.
Source: ASN
Probable cause:
The accident was the consequence of a controlled flight into terrain caused by a wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew and a misinterpretation of ATC instructions.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 200 in Poggiorsini: 27 killed

Date & Time: Oct 30, 1972 at 2040 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
I-ATIR
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Naples - Bari - Brindisi
MSN:
10301
YOM:
1966
Flight number:
BM327
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
22
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
27
Aircraft flight hours:
17420
Aircraft flight cycles:
23337
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed Naples-Capodichino Airport at 2000LT on a flight to Brindisi with an intermediate stop at Bari-Palese Macchie Airport. While descending by night and limited visibility, the airplane struck the ground and crashed in an open field located in Poggiorsini, about 47 km southwest of runway 07 threshold. The aircraft disintegrated on impact and all 27 occupants have been killed.
Probable cause:
It is believed the accident was the consequence of a controlled flight into terrain.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 200 near Frosinone: 18 killed

Date & Time: Apr 16, 1972 at 2210 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
I-ATIP
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Rome - Foggia
MSN:
10251
YOM:
1964
Flight number:
BM392
Location:
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
15
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
18
Aircraft flight hours:
20461
Aircraft flight cycles:
26490
Circumstances:
While cruising at an altitude of 15,000 feet in marginal weather conditions on a flight from Rome to Foggia, the airplane lost 1,200 feet while its speed dropped 30 knots. It nosed down to 20° then crashed at a speed of 340 knots in an open field located near Frosinone, about 75 km southeast of Rome. The aircraft was totally destroyed by impact forces and all 18 occupants were killed. At the time of the accident, the aircraft was flying in a thunderstorm area.
Crew:
Paolo Lombardino, pilot,
Vittorio Pedemonte, copilot,
Clemente Basile, flight engineer.
Probable cause:
The exact cause of the accident could not be determined with certainty. However, based on the flight recorder analysis, it is believed that the loss of control was caused by severe atmospheric turbulences associated with thunderstorm activity.

Crash of a Fokker F27 Friendship 600 in Reggio de Calabre: 1 killed

Date & Time: May 25, 1969 at 0952 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
I-ATIT
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Rome - Reggio de Calabre
MSN:
10363
YOM:
1968
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
5
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
31
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Aircraft flight hours:
3087
Aircraft flight cycles:
3829
Circumstances:
On final approach to Reggio de Calabre Airport, the pilot-in-command failed to realize his altitude was insufficient when the right main gear struck a concrete wall located along the Agata River canal. The approach was continued when upon touchdown, the right main gear collapsed. Out of control, the airplane crash landed, lost its tail and came to rest on runway 15. A passenger was killed while nine others were seriously injured.
Probable cause:
Wrong approach configuration on part of the flying crew who let the aircraft descending below the glide. Poor flight supervision on part of the instructor who was seating on the jumpseat.