Crash of a Cessna 208A Caravan I in João Pessoa

Date & Time: Dec 8, 1999 at 1950 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PT-OHA
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
João Pessoa – Recife
MSN:
208-0097
YOM:
1986
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Captain / Total flying hours:
4000
Captain / Total hours on type:
1900.00
Copilot / Total flying hours:
6000
Copilot / Total hours on type:
2100
Circumstances:
Few minutes after takeoff from João Pessoa-Presidente Castro Pinto Airport, while on a cargo flight to Recife, the crew reported engine problems and elected to return. Unable to maintain a safe altitude, the crew attempted an emergency landing when the aircraft struck trees and crashed near a motorway. Both pilots were injured and the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Engine failure due to poor maintenance. The following contributing factors were identified:
- Maintenance procedures not followed by the operator mechanics,
- Poor crew coordination,
- Lack of crew training.
Final Report:

Crash of an Embraer R-95 Bandeirante in Recife: 5 killed

Date & Time: Oct 23, 1992 at 1015 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
2243
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Recife - Recife
MSN:
110-138
YOM:
1977
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
3
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
5
Circumstances:
The crew was taking part to the Aviation Day and was involved in a demonstration mission on behalf of the 2nd Regional Air Command. On approach, the aircraft crashed in unknown circumstances in the garden of a military hospital located about 2 km from the airport. All five occupants were killed.

Crash of a Lockheed C-130H Hercules off Vila dos Remédios: 29 killed

Date & Time: Dec 14, 1987 at 2130 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
2468
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Recife – Vila dos Remédios
MSN:
4998
YOM:
1984
Country:
Crew on board:
6
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
23
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
29
Circumstances:
The four engine aircraft was completing a flight from Recife to Vila dos Remédios, on Fernando de Noronha Island, carrying six crew of the Brazilian Air Force, two members of the Brazilian Navy, 13 local workers and huit island residents. The approach was initiated by night when the aircraft hit the water surface and crashed in the ocean about 16 km offshore. The aircraft was destroyed and all 29 occupants were killed.
Probable cause:
For unknown reasons, the crew was approaching the island at an insufficient altitude. Lack of visual references was considered as a contributing factor.

Crash of an Embraer P-95 Bandeirante in Recife

Date & Time: Jul 11, 1984
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
7054
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
MSN:
110-163
YOM:
1978
Country:
Crew on board:
0
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Crashed in unknown circumstances. The model involved was an Embraer P-95 (EMB-111A).

Crash of a Rockwell Sabreliner 40R off Recife: 1 killed

Date & Time: Jan 14, 1976 at 1835 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
N85
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Frankfurt - Georgetown - Recife - Oklahoma City
MSN:
282-97
YOM:
1968
Country:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
1
Captain / Total flying hours:
13920
Captain / Total hours on type:
2440.00
Circumstances:
While descending to Recife-Guararapes Airport, both engines failed simultaneously. The captain reduced his altitude and ditched the airplane few dozen km offshore. Two crew members were rescued while the third drowned. The aircraft sank into the Atlantic Ocean and was lost.
Probable cause:
Double engine failure caused by a fuel exhaustion. The following contributing factors were reported:
- Navigational error on part of the crew,
- Fuel exhaustion,
- Complete engine failure,
- Wrote wrong course on navigation chart.
Final Report:

Crash of a Douglas C-124C Globemaster II near Recife: 10 killed

Date & Time: Jul 28, 1968 at 2000 LT
Operator:
Registration:
51-5178
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Site:
Schedule:
Paramaribo - Recife
MSN:
43588
YOM:
1951
Country:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
10
Circumstances:
The crew started the descent to Recife-Guararapes Airport by night when at an altitude of 1,890 feet, the four engine aircraft struck the slope of a mountain located some 80 km northwest of Recife. The wreckage was found few hours later and all 10 crew members were killed.
Probable cause:
The crew apparently started the descent prematurely.

Crash of a Lockheed L-1049G Super Constellation in Rio de Janeiro: 36 killed

Date & Time: Jan 11, 1959 at 1117 LT
Operator:
Registration:
D-ALAK
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Hamburg – Frankfurt – Paris – Lisbon – Dakar – Recife – Rio de Janeiro – Buenos Aires
MSN:
4602
YOM:
1955
Flight number:
LH502
Country:
Crew on board:
10
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
29
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
36
Circumstances:
The Super Constellation operated on flight LH502 from Hamburg, Germany to Buenos Aires, Argentina. The crew were cleared to descend from 4,200 m to 3,000 m when 20 min out from Rio de Janeiro. They were to maintain 3,000 m to the KX NDB in preparation for an approach and landing at runway 14. Over KX they were cleared to descend to 900 m. Galeão Approach was contacted and normal position reports were made. The plane descended over Guanabara Bay under rainy conditions and struck the water with the nose wheel. The crew then presumably tried to continue the approach, but the Constellation crashed near Flecheiras Beach, short of the Galeão runway. The airplane was destroyed by fire and seven crew members and all 29 passengers were killed. Only three crew members survived. Crew duty and flight time exceeded the Brazilian limits but did not exceed the German limitations.
Probable cause:
In spite of an exhaustive investigation it was not possible to determine the actual cause. However, the probable cause was considered to be pilot error in descending below the minimum altitude on final approach. Aircrew fatigue was considered to be a contributing factor.

Crash of a Curtiss C-46A-45-CU Commando in Campina Grande: 14 killed

Date & Time: Sep 5, 1958 at 1730 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
PP-LDX
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Recife – Campina Grande
MSN:
30288
YOM:
1944
Flight number:
LDE652
Country:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
14
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Circumstances:
Clearance was given for the route segment PPRF - PPKG at the approved altitude of 1 800 metres. Upon reaching the position Nazaré, the pilot descended without clearance to 1 200 metres and passed over the PPKG facility at 1000 metres, or 200 metres below the minimum altitude provided for initiating the procedure as prescribed by the Directorate of Air Routes. Having passed over the facility, the pilot consulted the procedure for PPKG and replaced it in the file. When the copilot asked him whether it should not be kept out, he said no, as he already knew it by heart. The procedure was initiated normally, the aircraft returning on a heading unknown to the Investigating Commission until it was at 520 metres (critical altitude 647 metres), when vertical visual contact with the runway was established; but it was not possible to come in, the aircraft having passed the critical point and being over the runway. The pilot tried to enter the traffic visual, so as not to lose sight of the runway, but this proved impossible on reaching final approach, with the result that the landing starting the return, on heading 200 degrees, he began to descend, turning on the aircraft lights. After a few moments of flight, the copilot tried unsuccessfully to obtain visual reference by looking outside. At this time he felt a violent impact and heard the pilot shout that he was "hitting". Two crew and eleven passengers were killed, and two crew and three passengers were seriously injured in the accident. The inbound heading of 200 degrees observed by the copilot and checked by the Investigating Commission showed that the procedure carried out by the pilot was not in accordance with that indicated in the approach chart approved by the Directorate of Air Routes. It was also found that at the time vertical visual contact with the runway was established, the aircraft was at most 40 metres from the ground, despite the fact that the meteorological information supplied by the Loide station at PPKG was ceiling 130 metres with visibility 6 km.
Probable cause:
The accident was due to pilot error - improper procedure during an authorized instrument flight. A contributing cause was an error on the part of other personnel - the meteorological forecast was incorrect.
Final Report:

Crash of a Beechcraft AT-11 Kansan in Salvador

Date & Time: Nov 7, 1955
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
1595
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Location:
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
5
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
For unknown reason, the crew missed the approach and the aircraft crash landed near the runway and came to rest. All seven occupants were injured and the aircraft was destroyed.

Crash of a Beechcraft RC-45G Expeditor near Recife

Date & Time: Oct 7, 1954
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
51-11846
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
AF-403
YOM:
1951
Country:
Crew on board:
2
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Following a fuel exhaustion in flight, the crew decided to bail out and abandoned the aircraft that dove into the ground and crashed 19 km northwest of Recife. The airplane was destroyed while both pilots were uninjured.
Probable cause:
Fuel exhaustion.