Crash of a BAe Nimrod MR.2 near Kandahar: 14 killed

Date & Time: Sep 2, 2006 at 1547 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
XV230
Flight Phase:
Flight Type:
Survivors:
No
Schedule:
Muscat - Muscat
MSN:
8005
YOM:
1969
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
14
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
14
Circumstances:
The aircraft departed at 13:43 for a mission over Afghanistan, in support of coalition forces engaging the Taliban. At 15:30 the airplane rendezvoused with an RAF Lockheed TriStar tanker and received fuel in an air-to-air refuelling procedure that lasted 10 minutes. Air-to-air refuelling appeared to pass without incident and XV230's crew prepared to turn east, towards their operational area. Eleven minutes later a bomb bay fire warning, either coincident with, or followed immediately by, an elevator bay underfloor smoke warning, was reported. The crew also reported smoke entering the aircraft’s cabin, from both elevator and aileron bays. Within a minute the aircraft depressurised as the fire breached the aircraft’s pressure hull requiring the crew to don their oxygen masks. The captain began to turn the aircraft towards Kandahar, declared a MAYDAY and began a descent. Meanwhile a crew member reported a fire 'from the rear of the starboard engines'. Another crew member reported a fire within the aileron bay. Last radio contact was at 15:46 when the crew acknowledged the Kandahar weather for landing. About the same time, a Harrier GR7 pilot, who was several thousand feet above, reported an intense fire close to the starboard fuselage and stretching out between where the wing joins the aircraft fuselage to the starboard engine; there was a second fire that stretched behind the aircraft from a point on the side of the rear body of the aircraft. At 15:47 the Harrier pilot reported that he saw the Nimrod explode. It broke into 4 sections, at a height of between 750 feet and 1000 feet. All 14 crew members were killed.
Crew:
F/Sgt Gary Wayne Andrews,
F/Sgt Stephen Beattie,
F/Sgt Gerard Martin Bell,
F/Sgt Adrian Davies,
L/Cpl Oliver Simon Dicketts,
F/Lt Steven Johnson,
Sgt Benjamin James Knight,
F/Lt Leigh Anthony Mitchelmore,
F/Lt Gareth Rodney Nicholas,
Sgt John Joseph Langton,
Sgt Gary Paul Quilliam,
F/Lt Allan James Squires,
F/Lt Steven Swarbrick,
Mne Joseph David Windall.
Probable cause:
As the Board was unable to investigate XV230's wreckage at the crash site and it proved impossible to recover more than a few small components from the aircraft, the Board has been unable to determine positively the source or cause of the fire which led to the loss of XV230 and its crew. Nonetheless, through investigation of the limited data available, the Board was able to deduce the most probable location of the fire, a number of probable causes of that event and factors which possibly contributed to it:
a. The escape of fuel during AAR, occasioned by an overflow from No 1 tank, or a leak from the fuel system (fuel coupling or pipe), led to an accumulation of fuel within the No 7 tank dry bay. Although of a lower probability, the fuel leak could have been caused by a hot air leak damaging fuel system seals.
b. The ignition of that fuel following contact with an exposed element of the aircraft's crossfeed/ SCP pipe work.
Contributory factors:
a. The age of the Nimrod MR2's non-structural system components.
b. Nimrod MR2 maintenance policy in relation to fuel and hot air systems.
c. The lack of a fire detection and suppression system within the No 7 tank dry bay.
d. The fact that hazard analysis did not correctly categorize the potential threat to the aircraft caused by the collocation of fuel and hot air system components within the No 7 tank dry bay.
e. The formal incorporation of AAR capability within the Nimrod did not identify the full implications of successive changes to the fuel system and associated procedures.
Aggravating factor:
a. The loss of flying controls through fire damage to the hydraulic systems or cables and pulleys.

Crash of an Airbus A320-212 in Abu Dhabi

Date & Time: Mar 10, 1997 at 1056 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
A4O-EM
Flight Phase:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Muscat – Abu Dhabi – Bahrain – Cairo
MSN:
536
YOM:
1995
Flight number:
GF071
Region:
Crew on board:
8
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
107
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll on runway 31 at Abu Dhabi Airport, just before V1, the aircraft started to vibrate and longitudinal control was lost. The captain decided to abandon the takeoff procedure and initiate an emergency braking manoeuvre. Unable to stop within the remaining distance, the aircraft overran, lost its nose gear and came to a halt few dozen metres further. On impact, the cockpit and both engines were almost destroyed and the left wing broke in two.
Probable cause:
It was determined that the vibration during the takeoff roll was the consequence of a tyre burst.

Crash of a Scottish Twin Pioneer in Muscat

Date & Time: Sep 19, 1967
Operator:
Registration:
XM959
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
MSN:
555
YOM:
1958
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
The aircraft, based at RAF Sharjah, was landing on a salt/sand runway out on the muscat Oman border. Unfortunately the captain did not see the hole made by a Beverley and consequently the Twin finished up on its nose. There were no injurie but the aircraft was written off. Thanks to James Caister for his testimony.

Crash of an Avro 685 York I in Muscat

Date & Time: Sep 11, 1962 at 1118 LT
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OD-ADA
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Beirut – Muscat
MSN:
1311
YOM:
1946
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
Upon landing at Muscat-Azaiba Airfield, the four engine aircraft went out of control, veered off runway to the right and came to rest with its right main gear collapsed. All three crew members were uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.

Crash of a Douglas DC-4-1009 in Muscat

Date & Time: Jan 21, 1962
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OD-ADO
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Beirut – Muscat
MSN:
42949
YOM:
1946
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
4
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
On final approach to Muscat Airport, the four engine aircraft struck the ground and crashed in flames short of runway threshold. All four crew members were rescued while the aircraft was destroyed.
Probable cause:
Poor judgement on part of the crew who continued the approach at an insufficient altitude.

Crash of an Avro 685 York C.1 in Muscat

Date & Time: May 24, 1961
Type of aircraft:
Operator:
Registration:
OD-ACO
Flight Type:
Survivors:
Yes
Schedule:
Muscat – Beirut
MSN:
1222
YOM:
1945
Country:
Region:
Crew on board:
3
Crew fatalities:
Pax on board:
0
Pax fatalities:
Other fatalities:
Total fatalities:
0
Circumstances:
During the takeoff roll at Muscat Airport, the tire on the left main gear burst. The crew continued the takeoff and during initial climb, informed ATC of the situation and received the permission to return for a safe landing. On touchdown, the left main gear collapsed and the airplane slid for dozen yards before coming to rest in flames. All three crew members escaped uninjured while the aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
Probable cause:
Failure of the left main gear on touchdown following a tire burst.